Abstract: Based on the characteristics of passive and active anti-blocking devices, a new anti-blocking device of rotary cutting with slide plate pressing straw for no-till planter was designed. Straw passed through anti-blocking device of rotary cutting with slide plate pressing straw for no-till planter smoothly, which related to the coefficient of friction between slide plate and straw and the coefficient of friction between soil and straw. To solve the problem, taking wheat straw and maize straw of annual double cropping areas in Northern China as the research object, this study tested the coefficient of friction between 4 kinds of slide plate (Q235 steel, stainless steel, wood and plastic) and straw and the coefficient of friction between 3 kinds of different moisture of soil (10%, 12.5% and 15%) and straw. Considered the straw status during working of no-till anti-blockage device, straw part and contact angle were also as the factors to affect coefficient of friction, except slide plate material and soil moisture. The result showed that the coefficient of friction between slide plate and maize straw satisfied: Q235 steel>stainless steel= plastic>wood, and the coefficient of friction between slide plate and wheat straw satisfied: stainless steel>Q235 steel>wood >plastic. Single factor analysis indicated that the coefficient of friction between slide plate and maize straw was significantly impacted by slide plate material, straw part and contact angle, and the coefficient of friction between slide plate and wheat straw was significantly impacted by slide plate material and contact angle (P<0.05). The coefficient of friction between soil and straw was higher as the water moisture increased, and the soil with12.5% and 15% of moisture was separately 0.08 and 0.09 higher than the soil with 10% moisture, and also the difference was significant (P<0.05); however, the difference of the coefficient of friction between soil and wheat straw was not significant (P>0.05), and straw part and contact angle were significantly affected the coefficient of friction between soil and both wheat and maize straw (P<0.05). Two-factor analysis demonstrated that the coefficient of friction between slide plate and maize straw was prominently influenced by the interaction of slide plate material and straw part, and the interaction of slide plate material and contact angle, the coefficient of friction between slide plate and wheat straw was prominently influenced by the interaction of straw part and contact angle, and the coefficient of friction between soil and maize straw was prominently influenced by the interaction of straw part and contact angle (P<0.05), and no other interaction was existing in two-factor analysis (P>0.05). No interaction was found in three-factor analysis (P>0.05). In addition, the result showed that Q235 steel was suitable for maize straw, and stainless steel was suitable for wheat straw. The study supports reference for the design of no-till anti-blockage device.