Abstract:
The influence of wind shear cannot be ignored in large wind turbine systems, such as CWETS (concentrated wind energy turbine generator systems) that can increase the density and stability of wind energy.Concentrated wind energy device is the core component of concentrated wind energy turbine.To reveal wind shear flow laws inside the concentrated wind energy device, the numerical calculation of wind shear characteristics and the wind tunnel experiments of the flow field were performed with the concentrated wind energy device as the research object.Based on the geometry model and mesh model built by the three-dimensional modeling software and CFD (computational fluid dynamics) software, the wind flow was simulated in a specific wind field.The fluid medium was the air and the velocity-inlet and pressure-outlet were adopted.The inlet velocity was set as 12.075h0.2385 and the gauge pressure of the outlet was set to 0 Pa.Other boundaries were set as stationary wall and no slip.The physical model was simplified to the steady incompressible fluid problem without heat transfer, and basic governing equations were continuity equations and Navier-stokes equations.The turbulence model was standard k-ε model.Simulation results showed that the concentrated wind energy device had the ability of enhancing the wind power quality and load uniformity in wind shear.To verify the credibility of numerical calculation results, the wind tunnel experiment was conducted in the movable field OFDY-12 wind tunnel developed by Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, and the experimenting prototype had the same scale with the numerical calculation model.Flow field calibration of the wind tunnel was performed, firstly, and the suitable flow field was selected, where the wind velocity gradient was 4.2 s-1.Wind velocity gradient was calculated based on the measured velocities of the highest point and the lowest point in the wind tunnel.Then the concentrated wind energy device was fixed at the selected location inside the wind tunnel, and the center line was 595 mm higher than the bottom of the wind tunnel and located in the middle section of the wind tunnel.The total pressure and static pressure of different test points on axial and radial direction inside the concentrated wind energy device were measured by the Pitot tube and multi-channel pressure gauge.The influence rule of concentrated wind energy device on the wind shear was concluded by analyzing the test data.The temperature recorded in the experiment fluctuated from -1 to -0.5 ℃ and the atmospheric pressure was from 899 to 900 hPa.Numerical calculation results were reasonably verified by wind tunnel experiments.In addition, it was suggested that the method of numerical computation was feasible for the research on the wind shear problems of concentrated wind energy device.And the concentrated wind energy device had its effect on reducing the wind shear with the velocity gradient reducing from 4.2 to 3.4 s-1.Besides, it was showed that the device in the wind shear had the ability of improving the wind power quality and load uniformity.Numerical computation results were always greater than the experimental data obtained with the model in the same size.However, the general trends were almost the same.The main reason was that the numerical simulation model was too idealized to embody the asymmetric degree and wall thickness of the actual experiment model, which would be solved in the future research.All the results and conclusions can provide a basis for wind shear study and optimization design of the concentrated wind energy device.