吕文春, 马剑龙, 汪建文, 李佩林, 张彦奇. 风轮典型振型动态频率的间接测试和识别方法[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(23): 233-238. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.23.032
    引用本文: 吕文春, 马剑龙, 汪建文, 李佩林, 张彦奇. 风轮典型振型动态频率的间接测试和识别方法[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(23): 233-238. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.23.032
    Lv Wenchun, Ma Jianlong, Wang Jianwen, Li Peilin, Zhang Yanqi. Indirect test and identification method of dynamic frequencies of typical vibrations on wind wheel[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(23): 233-238. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.23.032
    Citation: Lv Wenchun, Ma Jianlong, Wang Jianwen, Li Peilin, Zhang Yanqi. Indirect test and identification method of dynamic frequencies of typical vibrations on wind wheel[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(23): 233-238. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.23.032

    风轮典型振型动态频率的间接测试和识别方法

    Indirect test and identification method of dynamic frequencies of typical vibrations on wind wheel

    • 摘要: 基于多种混合振动信号传递中各组成信号的频率保持特性,建立了风轮典型振型动态频率的间接测试和识别方法,并利用试验测试与数值仿真相结合的方法佐证了该方法的可靠性。具体方法是在电机前端部靠近风轮处布置加速度传感器捕获沿风轮轴向的加速度时域信号,通过快速傅里叶变换(fast fourier transformation,FFT)获得被测信号的频域特征,进而结合风轮模态振型及频谱特征识别其典型振型动态频率值。经与数值仿真结果比较,测试相对误差控制在5%以内,精度较好。同时,由于该方法无需在叶片表面大量布装传感器,故具有在不破坏叶片表面原有形态,完整保留风轮流场和结构场特征的前提下简捷获取风轮典型振型动频值的测试优势,有效解决了现今风轮典型振型在运行工况时动态频率值监测难、识别难的技术困境,同时可为风轮健康监测提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: Nowadays, the test methods of dynamic frequencies of typical vibrations of the wind wheel are badly in need of the wind turbine design, but the effective methods are few because installing the accelerometers on the blades will destroy the flow field and the structure field, and then greatly affect the test reliability. In this paper, an indirect test and identification method of dynamic frequencies of the wind wheel was developed based on the frequency holding characteristic of each sub signal in the multiple mixed vibration signals' transmission. The specific method was to get the acceleration signal from the accelerometer installed at the front end of the generator, and then to get its spectrum signature by the FFT (fast Fourier transform), and finally the dynamic frequencies of typical vibrations of the wind wheel were discriminated based on its mode shapes and spectrum signature. This method was carried out on a small horizontal axis wind turbine with 1.4 m wind wheel diameter while the wind velocity was 10 m/s and the tip speed ratio was 6, and achieved good results. The same tests were done while the wind velocities were 5-10 m/s and the tip speed ratios were 5-7 in order to prove the reliability of the above method, and the results could all prove its reliability. On the other hand, the numerical simulation was carried out based on one way fluid solid coupling. The vibration modes and vibration frequencies of the 2nd-order following typical vibrations were obtained while the wind velocity was 10 m/s and the tip speed ratio was 6, the results showed that the test accuracy of this method was relatively high because the relative errors between the calculated and experimental values were all less than 5%.Thus, it also proved that the above indirect test and identification method was reliable. Finally, considering the applicability of this method for different blade materials and structures, other 2 kinds of blades were tested by using the same method. One blade material was engineering plastic, and its material and structure had very big difference from the above measured blade. The other blade material was the same as the above measured blade, but its airfoil structure was NACA4415 which had big difference from the above measured blade. Both of the test results were good to exclude the above question. In other words, the test results confirmed that the indirect test and identification method of dynamic frequencies of typical vibrations of the wind wheel in this paper has a good adaptability to the wind wheels which have different materials or structures under the wind turbine operating conditions. Research also revealed that this method has a significant advantage in distinguishing the dynamic frequencies of the 1st-order and the following modes, but the recognition effect is obviously decreased along with the rise of the vibration order owing to the enhancement of the intensity of the torsional mode of blades and the decrease of the peak values of dynamic frequency curve. This method proposed in this paper can acquire the dynamic frequencies of typical vibrations of the wind wheel simply and accurately under the premise of not destroying the flow field and the structure field, because it does not need to install a large amount of sensors on the surface of the blade, so it can provide a solution for technical difficulties in monitoring and discriminating the dynamic vibration frequencies under the operating conditions of the wind wheel. At the same time, this research can provide a new reference method for the health monitoring of the wind wheel.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回