• EI
    • CSA
    • CABI
    • 卓越期刊
    • CA
    • Scopus
    • CSCD
    • 核心期刊

旱涝交替胁迫对水稻干物质生产分配及倒伏性状的影响

王振昌, 郭相平, 杨静晗, 陈盛, 黄双双, 王甫, 邱让建, 刘春伟, 操信春, 朱建彬, 高雅娴

王振昌, 郭相平, 杨静晗, 陈盛, 黄双双, 王甫, 邱让建, 刘春伟, 操信春, 朱建彬, 高雅娴. 旱涝交替胁迫对水稻干物质生产分配及倒伏性状的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(24): 114-123. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.24.015
引用本文: 王振昌, 郭相平, 杨静晗, 陈盛, 黄双双, 王甫, 邱让建, 刘春伟, 操信春, 朱建彬, 高雅娴. 旱涝交替胁迫对水稻干物质生产分配及倒伏性状的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(24): 114-123. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.24.015
Wang Zhenchang, Guo Xiangping, Yang Jinghan, Chen Sheng, Huang Shuangshuang, Wang Fu, Qiu Rangjian, Liu Chunwei, Cao Xinchun, Zhu Jianbin, Gao Yaxian. Effect of alternate flooding and drought stress on biomass production, distribution and lodging characteristic of rice[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(24): 114-123. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.24.015
Citation: Wang Zhenchang, Guo Xiangping, Yang Jinghan, Chen Sheng, Huang Shuangshuang, Wang Fu, Qiu Rangjian, Liu Chunwei, Cao Xinchun, Zhu Jianbin, Gao Yaxian. Effect of alternate flooding and drought stress on biomass production, distribution and lodging characteristic of rice[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(24): 114-123. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.24.015

旱涝交替胁迫对水稻干物质生产分配及倒伏性状的影响

基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2013B06014);国家自然科学基金(51079042、51309080、51509130、51309132);江苏省水利科技项目。

Effect of alternate flooding and drought stress on biomass production, distribution and lodging characteristic of rice

  • 摘要: 为揭示旱涝交替胁迫水稻干物质生产和分配规律,研究其对水稻倒伏相关形态性状、力学性状及化学成分的影响,于2013年5-10月在江苏省河海大学南方地区高效灌排与农业水土环境教育部重点实验室进行不同灌溉方法的粳稻盆栽试验。试验共设分蘖期涝-轻旱交替胁迫(T-LD)、分蘖期涝-重旱交替胁迫(T-HD)、拔节期涝-轻旱交替胁迫(J-LD)、拔节期涝-重旱交替胁迫(J-HD)和全生育期浅水勤灌(CK)5个处理。结果表明,在开花期以后,各灌溉处理的功能叶的叶绿素含量与水稻移栽后天数呈二次曲线关系,且决定系数R2均大于0.97(P<0.01);在开花期后,水稻剑叶的叶绿素含量和光合速率存在线性正相关(P<0.001)。分蘖期旱涝交替胁迫处理(T-LD和T-HD)的剑叶面积、开花后平均叶绿素含量以及光合速率为CK处理的1.1~1.2倍,而茎鞘贮藏物质的平均输出率和转化率则分别为CK处理的32%和22%;拔节期旱涝交替胁迫处理(J-LD和J-HD)的剑叶面积、茎鞘贮藏物质的平均输出率和转化率分别为CK处理的84%、33%和37%,而开花后其平均光合速率为CK处理的1.19倍。与CK及分蘖期旱涝交替胁迫处理相比,拔节期旱涝交替胁迫处理显著提高基部以上第1伸长节间的抗折安全系数(P<0.05)。研究可为通过灌溉方式实现水稻抗倒和高产的目标提供依据。
    Abstract: Abstract: Lodging is one of the important constraints to high quality and stable production of rice. This study was conducted in the Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil Water Environment in Southern China, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China from May to October in 2013 to investigate the response of alternate flooding and drought stress on biomass production and distribution in different organs of rice (Oryza sativa L. Nanjing 44) and their relationships with morphological and mechanical traits as well as chemical concentration relating to stem lodging characteristics under alternate drought and flooding stress during different growth stages. Five treatments, alternate stress of light drought-flooding-light drought in tillering stage (T-LD), alternate stress of heavy drought-flooding-heavy drought in tillering stage (T-HD), alternate stress of light drought-flooding-light drought in jointing stage (J-LD), alternate stress heavy drought-flooding-heavy drought in jointing stage (J-HD) as well as irrigation with shallow water depth (0-5 cm) for all the stages except for yellow maturity (CK), were set up. In this experiment, changes of chlorophyll contents and photosynthesis rates of flag leaves after the flowering stage as well as the percentage of dry-matter exportation from stem-sheath (PDESS) and the percentage of the dry-matter transformation from the stem-sheath part to the grain part (PDTSS) were investigated. In additon, the stem morphological and mechanical traits as well as chemical concentrations and their relationships with stem lodging characteristic were studied. The results showed that there were significant quadratic curve relationships between chlorophyll contents and days after transplanting (P<0.01). In addition, there were significant positive linear relationships between chlorophyll contents and photosynthesis rate of flag leaves after the flowering stage (P<0.001). Compared with the CK, T-LD and T-HD treatments significantly increased the leaf areas, chlorophyll contents and photosynthesis rates of flag leaves after the flowering stage, but significantly decreased the PDESS and the PDTSS; the leaf areas, chlorophyll contents and photosynthesis rates of flag leaves after the flowering stage of alternate stress of drought-flooding-drought in the tillering stage were about 1.1-1.2 times as those of CK, respectively; the PDESS and PDTSS were 32% and 22% of those of CK, respectively. Compared with the CK, J-LD and J-HD treatments significantly increased the chlorophyll contents and photosynthesis rates of flag leaves after the flowering stage but did not significantly increase the leaf areas, the PDESS and the PDTSS. The leaf areas of flag leaves, the PDESS and the PDTSS of alternate stress of drought-flooding- drought in the jointing stage were 84%, 33% and 37% of those of CK, respectively; the photosynthesis rates of flag leaves after the flowering stage were 1.19 times as those of CK, respectively. Compared with the CK, J-LD and J-HD treatments significantly increased the safety factor against stem breakage, which might be related to the improved dry-matter translocation amount and translocation efficiency from stem-sheath to grain part of rice plants as well as the increased gravity centre height and the ratio of gravity centre caused by the improved translocation amount of carbohydrate generated in flag leaves to the grains. There were significant negative relationships between harvest index and safety factor. This study could provide valuable information for keeping high grain yield as well as improving lodging resistance of rice plant by irrigaiton methods.
  • [1] Setter T, Laureles E, Mazaredo A. Lodging reduces yield of rice by self-shading and reductions in canopy photosynthesis[J]. Field Crops Research,1997,49(2/3):95-106.
    [2] Zhang W J, Li G H, Yang Y M, et al. Effects of nitrogen application rate and ratio on lodging resistance of super rice with different genotypes[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2014, 13(1): 63-72.
    [3] 张丰转,金正勋,马国辉,等. 水稻抗倒性与茎秆形态性状和化学成分含量间相关分析[J]. 作物杂志,2010,46(7): 15-19.Zhang Fengzhuan, Jin Zhengxun, Ma Guohui, et al. Correlation analysis between lodging resistance and morphological characters of physical and chemical components in rice culm[J]. Crops, 2010, 46(7): 15-19. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [4] 申广勒,石英尧,黄艳玲,等. 水稻抗倒伏特性及其与茎秆性状的相关性研究[J]. 中国农业科学,2007,23(12):58-62.Shen Guangle, Shi Yingyao, Huang Yanling, et al. Study on rice lodging resistance character and correlation between the culm traits and lodging resistance traits[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2007, 23(12): 58-62. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [5] 李国辉,钟旭华,田卡,等. 施氮对水稻茎秆抗倒伏能力的影响及其形态和力学机理[J]. 中国农业科学,2013,46(7): 1323-1334.Li Guohui, Zhong Xuhua, Tian Ka, et al. Effect of nitrogen application on stem lodging resistance of rice and its morphological and mechanical mechanisms[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(7): 1323-1334. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [6] Kashiwagi T, Sasaki H, Ishimaru K, et al. Factors responsible for decreasing sturdiness of the lower part in lodging of rice (Oryza sativa L.) [J]. Plant Production Science, 2005, 8(2): 166-172.
    [7] Takayuki K, Naoki H, Kazuhiro U, et al. Lodging resistance locus prl5 improves physical strength of the lower plant part under different conditions of fertilization in rice (Oryza sativa L.) [J]. Field Crop Research, 2010, 115: 107-115.
    [8] 杨世民,谢力,郑顺林,等. 氮肥水平和栽插密度对杂交稻茎秆理化特性与抗倒伏性的影响[J]. 作物学报,2009,35(1): 93-103.Yang Shimin, Xie Li, Zheng Shunlin, et al. Effects of nitrogen rate and transplanting density on physical and chemical characteristics and lodging resistance of culms in hybrid rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2009, 35(1): 93-103. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [9] 张喜娟,李红娇,李伟娟,等. 北方直立穗型粳稻抗倒性研究[J]. 中国农业科学,2009,42(7): 2305-2313.Zhang Xijuan, Li Hongjiao, Li Weijuan, et al. The lodging resistance of erect panicle japonica rice in Northern China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2009, 42(7): 2305-2313. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [10] 杨长明,杨林章,颜廷梅,等. 不同养分和水分管理模式对水稻抗倒伏能力的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004,15(4): 646-650.Yang Changming, Yang Linzhang, Yan Tingmei, et al. Effects of nutrient and water regimes on lodging resistance of rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, 15(4): 646-650. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [11] Oladokun M, Ennos A R. Structural development and stability of rice Oryza sativa L. var. Nerica[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2006, 57(12): 3123-3130.
    [12] Kashiwagi T, Hirotsu N, Ujiie K, et al. Lodging resistance locus prl5 improves physical strength of the lower plant part under different conditions of fertilization in rice (Oryza sativa L.) [J]. Field Crops Research, 2010, 115(1): 107-115.
    [13] Zhu C, Ziska LH, Sakai H, et al. Vulnerability of lodging risk to elevated CO2 and increased soil temperature differs between rice cultivars[J]. Eur J Agron, 2013, 46(2): 20-24.
    [14] 郭相平,袁静,郭枫,等. 水稻蓄水-控灌技术初探[J]. 农业工程学报,2009,25(4):70-73.Guo Xiangping, Yuan Jing, Guo Feng, et al. Preliminarystudy on water-catching and controlled irrigation technology of rice[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2009, 25(4): 70-73. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [15] 郭相平,甄博,王振昌. 旱涝交替胁迫增强水稻抗倒伏性能[J]. 农业工程学报,2013,29(12):130-135.Guo Xiangping, Zhen Bo, Wang Zhenchang. Increasing lodging resistance performance of rice by alternating drought and flooding stress[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2013, 29(12): 130-135. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [16] 甄博,郭相平,陆红飞. 旱涝交替胁迫对水稻分蘖期根解剖结构的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2015,31(9):107-113.Zhen Bo, Guo Xiangping, Lu Hongfei. Effects of alternative stress of drought and waterlogging at tillering stage on rice root anatomical structure[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2015, 31(9): 107-113. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [17] 杨静晗,郭相平,杨骕,等. 旱涝交替胁迫对水稻抗折力的影响及其机理分析[J]. 山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2014,45(3):328-333.Yang Jinghan, Guo Xiangping , Yang Su, et al. Impact of droughts alternating stress on the fracture resistance against rice and its mechanism analysis[J]. Journal of Shandong Agricultural University: Natural Science Edition, 2014, 45(3): 328-333. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [18] Yang J, Zhang J, Wang Z, et al. Activities of starch hydrolytic enzymes and sucrose-phosphate synthase in the stems of rice subjected to water stress during grain filling[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2001, 52(364): 2169-2179.
    [19] 罗茂春,田翠婷,李晓娟,等. 水稻茎秆形态结构特征和化学成分与抗倒伏关系综述[J]. 西北植物学报,2007,27(11):2346-2353.Luo Maochun, Tian Cuiting, Li Xiaojuan, et al. Relationship between morpho-anatomical traits together with chemical components and lodging resistance of stem in rice[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2007, 27(11): 2346-2353. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [20] 肖梦华,胡秀君,褚琳琳. 水稻株高生长对旱涝交替胁迫的动态响应研究[J]. 节水灌溉,2015(9):15-22.Xiao Menghua, Hu Xiujun, Chu Linlin. Dynamic response of rice plant height growth to water level control on condition of drought-water logging alternating stress[J]. Water Saving Irrigation, 2015(9): 15-22. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [21] Shao G C, Deng S, Liu N, et al. Effects of controlled irrigation and drainage on growth, grain yield and water use in paddy rice[J]. European Journal of Agronomy, 2014(53): 1-9.
    [22] Shao G C, Cui J, Yu S E, et al. Impacts of controlled irrigation and drainage on the yield and physiological attributes of rice[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2015(149): 156-165.
    [23] 肖新,赵言文,胡锋,等. 南方丘陵典型季节性干旱区水稻节水灌溉的密肥互作效应研究[J]. 干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(6):73-79.Xiao Xin, Zhao Yanwen, Hu Feng, et al. Study on combined effects of nitrogen and planting density in rice water-saving irrigation in Southern China seasonal drought hilly region[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2005, 23(6): 73-79. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [24] Bouman B A M, Tuong T P. Field water management to save water and increase its productivity in irrigated lowland rice[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2001, 49(1): 11-30.
    [25] Bouman B A M. A conceptual framework for the improvement of crop water productivity at different spatial scales[J]. Agricultural Systems, 2006, 93(1): 43-60.
    [26] Belder P, Bouman B A M, Cabangon R, et al. Effect of water-saving irrigation on rice yield and water use in typical lowland conditions in Asia[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2003, 65(3): 193-210.
    [27] Belder P, Spiertz J H J, Bouman B A M, et al. Nitrogen economy and water productivity of lowland rice under water- saving irrigation[J]. Field Crops Research, 2004, 93(2): 169-185.
    [28] Hirano T, Koshimura H, Uchida N, et al. Growth and distribution of photoassimilates in floating rice under submergence[J]. Japanese Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 1995, 39(3): 177-183.
    [29] 赵黎明,李明,郑殿峰,等. 灌溉方式与种植密度对寒地水稻产量及光合物质生产特性的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2015,31(6):159-169.Zhao Liming, Li Ming, Zheng Dianfeng, et al. Effects of irrigation methods and rice planting densities on yield and photosynthetic characteristics of matter production in cold area[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural (Transactions of the CSAE), 2015, 31(6): 159-169. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [30] 苏正淑,张宪政. 几种测定植物叶绿素含量的方法比较[J]. 植物生理学通讯,1989,25(5):77-78.Su Zhengshu, Zhang Xianzheng. Several kinds of determination methods of plant chlorophyll content[J]. Plant Physiology Communications, 1989, 25(5): 77-78. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [31] Rohacek K, Bartak M. Technique of the modulated chlorophyll fluorescence: Basic concepts, useful parameters, and some applications[J]. Photosynthetica, 1999, 37(3): 339-363.
    [32] 吴文革,张洪程,陈烨,等. 超级中籼杂交水稻氮素积累利用特性与物质生产[J]. 作物学报,2008,34(6):1060-1068.Wu Wen'ge, Zhang Hongcheng, Chen Ye, et al. Dry-matter accumulation and nitrogen absorption and utilization in middle-season indica super hybrid rice[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2008, 34(6): 1060-1068. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [33] 姜楠,邸玉婷,徐克章,等. 吉林省不同年代育成水稻品种上三叶光合特性的变化[J]. 作物学报,2001,27(4):703-710.Jiang Nan, Di Yuting, Xu Kezhang, et al. Changes of photosynthetic characteristics in top three leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars released in different years in Jilin Province[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2001, 27(4): 703-710. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [34] 苏祖芳,许乃霞,孙成明,等. 水稻抽穗后株型指标与产量形成关系的研究[J]. 中国农业科学,2003,36(1):115-120.Su Zufang, Xu Naixia, Sun Chengming, et al. Study on the relationship between rice plant type indices after heading stage and yield formation[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2003, 36(1): 115-120. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [35] 杨建昌,朱庆森,曹显祖. 水稻群体冠层结构与光和特性对产量形成作用的研究[J]. 中国农业科学,1992,25(4):7-14.Yang Jianchang, Zhu Qingsen, Cao Xianzhu. Effects of the structure and photosynthetic characters of the canopy on the yield formation in rice plants[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1992, 25(4): 7-14. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [36] 刘贞琦. 水稻叶绿素含量及其光合速率关系的研究[J]. 作物学报,1984,10(1):57-61.Liu Zhenqi.A study on the relation between chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 1984, 10(1): 57-61. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [37] 范淑秀,陈温福. 超高产水稻品种叶绿素变化规律研究初报[J]. 沈阳农业大学学报,2005,36(1):14-l7.Fan Shuxiu, Chen Wenfu. Changes of chlorophyll content of high-yielding rice[J]. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 2005, 36(1): 14-17. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [38] 刘彦卓,黄农荣,陈钊明,等. 高产水稻光合速率的变化[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报,1999(增刊2):49-53.Liu Yanzhuo, Huang Nongrong, Chen Zhaoming, et al. Variation of photosynthetic rate in high-yielding rice[J]. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 1999(Suppl 2): 49-53. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [39] 孟军,陈温福,徐正进,等. 水稻剑叶净光合速率与叶绿素含量的研究初报[J]. 沈阳农业大学学报,2001,32(4): 247-249.Meng Jun, Chen Wenfu , Xu Zhengjin, et al. 2001. Study on photosynthetic rate and chlorophyⅡcontent[J]. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 2001, 32(4): 247-249. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [40] 郝树荣,郭相平,王文娟. 旱后复水对水稻生长的后效影响[J]. 农业机械学报,2010,41(7):76-79.Hao Shurong, Guo Xiangping, Wang Wenjuan. After effects of rewatering after water stress on the rice growth[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2010, 41(7): 76-79. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [41] 陆红飞,郭相平,甄 博,等. 旱涝交替胁迫条件下粳稻叶片光合特性[J]. 农业工程学报,2016,32(8):105-112.Lu Hongfei, Guo Xiangping, Zhen Bo, et al. Photosynthetic characteristics of Japonica rice leave under alternative stress of drought and waterlogging[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2016, 32(8): 105-112. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
    [42] 陈温福,徐正进,张龙步. 水稻超高产育种生理基础[M]. 辽宁:辽宁科技出版社,1995:69-94.
    [43] Yang Z F, Naoto I, Kaori F, et al. Analysis of dry-matter translocation during grain filling stage of rice[J]. Japanese Journal of Crop Science, 2004, 73(3): 416-423. (in Chinese with English Abstract)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  2754
  • HTML全文浏览量:  0
  • PDF下载量:  999
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2016-06-13
  • 修回日期:  2016-10-09
  • 发布日期:  2016-12-14

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回