祖林林, 马美湖. 全蛋液的高压CO2杀菌工艺参数优化[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(24): 299-307. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.24.039
    引用本文: 祖林林, 马美湖. 全蛋液的高压CO2杀菌工艺参数优化[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(24): 299-307. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.24.039
    Zu Linlin, Ma Meihu. Optimization of whole egg liquid sterilization technology using high pressure CO2[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2017, 33(24): 299-307. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.24.039
    Citation: Zu Linlin, Ma Meihu. Optimization of whole egg liquid sterilization technology using high pressure CO2[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2017, 33(24): 299-307. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.24.039

    全蛋液的高压CO2杀菌工艺参数优化

    Optimization of whole egg liquid sterilization technology using high pressure CO2

    • 摘要: 为了达到杀灭蛋液中沙门氏菌和避免热巴氏杀菌引起鸡蛋蛋白变性的目的,该研究采用高压CO2(high pressure carbon dioxide,HPCD)对全蛋液中沙门氏菌进行冷杀菌。通过单因素试验分析CO2压力、杀菌温度、杀菌时间和搅拌速度对全蛋液中沙门氏菌的杀菌效果,并利用Box-Behnken响应面设计建立了沙门氏菌杀灭的二次多项回归模型。得出最佳杀菌工艺为:在CO2压力为30 MPa、温度为40℃、时间为60 min、搅拌速度为125 r/min的条件下,能够使全蛋液中3×106~3×107 CFU/mL的沙门氏菌完全杀灭。同时还比较了巴氏杀菌和HPCD杀菌对全蛋液的货架期、功能特性的影响。研究结果表明:与巴氏蛋液比较,HPCD使全蛋液货架期延长至39 d;起泡能力和起泡稳定性分别提高了53.63%和2.38%;乳液Zeta电位提高至7.66 mV,提高了乳液稳定性;全蛋液的粘度、粒度储能模量和损耗模量分别降低,呈现粘弹性性流体的特性。该研究结果可为HPCD杀菌技术应用蛋液产品提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: The production of egg liquid is often contaminated with Salmonella. Eggs and their products are at a higher risk of infection or contamination of Salmonella, with up to 23.1%. In the traditional thermal pasteurization process, egg protein is prone to degeneration coagulation. For the purpose of killing salmonella and reducing the functional properties of the egg liquid, in this experiment, we used high pressure carbon dioxide (HPCD) to sterilize salmonella in whole egg liquid. HPCD mainly uses the synergistic effect of temperature (5-60 ℃) and CO2 pressure (0-50 MPa) to diffuse CO2 molecules into the medium and control the metabolism of microorganisms by acidification, chemical action and mechanical action. In order to achieve the purpose of sterilization, this study examines the effects of pressurized carbon dioxide, temperature, and stirring speed on the bactericidal effect of Salmonella in whole egg liquid. Single-factor analysis was conducted to measure the effects of pressurized carbon dioxide, temperature, time and stirring speed on the sterilization efficacy. On the basis of single factor, Box-Benhnken was used to optimize the Salmonella sterilization parameters and a quadratic polynomial model was established for the logarithmic reduction of viable count of Salmonella. At the same time, the effects of pasteurization and HPCD sterilization on the particle size, foaming, emulsifying and rheological properties of the whole egg liquid were also investigated. Through the Design-Expert software, the variance and significance of the regression model were analyzed, and we can conclude that the effects of pressurized CO2, temperature, time and stirring speed on Salmonella inactivation are mostly significant (P<0.000 1). The interactions between pressurized carbon dioxide and time, pressurized carbon dioxide and stirring speed, temperature and time, temperature and stirring speed, time and stirring speed are mostly significant (P<0.000 1). The interactions between stirring speed and temperature are significant for sterilization(0.000 10.05). Under the condition that the pressurized carbon dioxide, temperature, time, and stirring speed were 30 MPa, 40 ℃, 60 min and 125 r/min, respectively, lethal logarithm could reach 7.25. Compared with pasteurized egg liquid, the shelf life of the whole egg liquid treated with HPCD has been extended by 39 d; the foaming ability and foaming stability of whole egg liquid increased by 53.63% and 2.38% respectively (foaming ability: from 111.51% to 140.30%; foaming stability: from 80.72% to 92.14%). HPCD sterilization increased the absolute value of Zeta potential (from 4.71 mV to 7.66 mV), which improved the stability of the emulsion. After HPCD treatment, the rheological properties of whole egg liquid had no significant difference with the original egg liquid. The whole egg liquid of particle size, storage modulus and loss modulus decreased by HPCD treatment, showing the characteristics of pseudoplastic fluid. However, the foaming ability of whole egg liquid reduced with pasteurization (from 111.51% to 86.67%); the foaming stability of whole egg liquid increased (from 80.72% to 89.76%). Pasteurization reduced the absolute value of the Zeta potential of the egg liquid (from 4.71 mV to 1.36 mV), and the whole egg liquid after pasteurization increased particle size, denatured protein aggregation, and increased storage modulus and loss modulus. This study provides reference for the sterilization of egg liquid products with HPCD sterilization technology.

       

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