Abstract: Abstract: A series of ecological and socioeconomic problems were caused by the change of land use pattern. In order to clarify the characteristics of the change of land use pattern and the mode of action of the influence factors in Songnen high plain, this paper, taking Bayan County, Heilongjiang Province as a case, on the basis of the characteristics of land use patterns in the study area during 1979-1991, 1991-2003 and 2003-2015, recognized the main influencing factors of land use pattern change in 3 periods and made clear temporal evolution of the strength and direction of the factors on land use patterns based on the canonical correlation analysis and radial basis function neural network. The results showed that, firstly, during 1979-1991, 1991-2003 and 2003-2015, the land use types in the study area varied in magnitude and the areas of dry land, paddy field and other land use types varied greatly. The area of dry land increased by 11 514.56 hm2, and the area of other land use types reduced by 6 445.57 hm2 and the land use area changed the most in 1991-2003. Secondly, the change of land use pattern in the study area was influenced by both natural and human factors. The key factors that affected the change of land use pattern were different in the 3 different periods, and the influence intensity, direction and manner of the key influence factors on land use pattern changed. During 1991-2003, the correlation coefficients between key factors as slope, soil type, soil texture, soil fertility, soil moisture, GDP, population, location index, concentration degree, diversity index, land use intensity and the first sort axis were -0.386 6, -0.559 4, -0.342 3, 0.648 3, 0.352 6, 0.187 1, 0.091 8, 0.393 6, 0.417 0, 0.388 8, and -0.583 3, respectively, which were higher than those in 1979-1991 and 2003-2015, and resulted in frequent conversion of land use types and large change in land use area during this period. The influence of elevation, slope and landform types on the land use pattern in the study area was greater, and the impact intensity increased firstly and then decreased, the strongest in 1991-2003; soil type, soil texture and soil fertility had great influence on land use pattern, and the soil factors of land use pattern in 1991-2003 were more; distance factors, i.e. distance from town center and distance from river had great influence on land use pattern, and the change of intensity was not significant; the land use degree factors, i.e. location index, degree of centralization, diversity index and land use intensity of land use pattern in the research area were very strong, and the impact strength increased firstly and then decreased, the strongest in 1991-2003. Thirdly, the main factors that affected the change of land use types were different. Moreover, the effects, intensities, directions and ways of different factors on land use types were different. Under the combined effects of various factors, the area change of land use types was different. The change of dry land was greatly affected by the intensity of land use. The land use intensity caused by the change of dry land decreased obviously in the 1991-2003 years. The influence coefficient was 0.485 4, 0.338 4 and 0.335 5 respectively in 3 different periods, which promoted the intensity of land use change in dry land. The intensity of land use decreased significantly in the 1991-2003 years, which was the main reason to the increase of dry land area during this period. The change of paddy field was increased due to the influence of the distance from water areas and the soil moisture. The influence coefficient increased from 0.144 1, 0.332 3 in 1979-1991 to 0.295, 0.343 in 2003-2015 respectively. The conclusion is that: In 3 different periods, the key factors on the intensity, direction and way of the land use pattern have changed more or less, which leads to the obvious differentiation characteristics of land use pattern in the study area.