• EI
    • CSA
    • CABI
    • 卓越期刊
    • CA
    • Scopus
    • CSCD
    • 核心期刊

筒仓静态储粮的边界压力及仓壁摩擦力试验研究

韩阳, 李东桥, 陈家豪, 静 行, 段君峰

韩阳, 李东桥, 陈家豪, 静 行, 段君峰. 筒仓静态储粮的边界压力及仓壁摩擦力试验研究[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(13): 296-302. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.13.036
引用本文: 韩阳, 李东桥, 陈家豪, 静 行, 段君峰. 筒仓静态储粮的边界压力及仓壁摩擦力试验研究[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(13): 296-302. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.13.036
Han Yang, Li Dongqiao, Chen Jiahao, Jing Hang, Duan Junfeng. Experimental study on boundary pressure and wall friction under static grain storage in silo[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2018, 34(13): 296-302. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.13.036
Citation: Han Yang, Li Dongqiao, Chen Jiahao, Jing Hang, Duan Junfeng. Experimental study on boundary pressure and wall friction under static grain storage in silo[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2018, 34(13): 296-302. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.13.036

筒仓静态储粮的边界压力及仓壁摩擦力试验研究

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51608176)

Experimental study on boundary pressure and wall friction under static grain storage in silo

  • 摘要: 为了研究筒仓散装粮堆的边界压力和仓壁摩擦力的分布规律,研制了模型筒仓试验装置,基于仓体的微缝分离设计,实现各分离仓体受力的独立测量。以小麦为例,通过实测,发现不同装粮高度下,粮堆底部压力沿径向呈现不均匀分布特征,其不均匀分布程度随装粮高度逐渐增加;当装粮高度大于筒仓直径后,仓壁侧压力开始逐渐小于Janssen公式计算结果;而仓壁摩擦力在整个粮堆深度范围内均小于Janssen公式计算结果。试验表明,仓壁实测摩擦力与侧压力之比小于小麦与仓壁的摩擦系数,且随粮堆深度的增加不断变化,表明静态储粮下储料与仓壁边界之间尚未达到极限平衡状态;侧压力系数接近主动态,且小于主动土压力系数。研究结果可为散体物料压力理论提供参考。
    Abstract: The authors participated in the design of the silo model test facility, which can be used to measure the storage force of the grain heap, such as the bottom pressure, the side wall pressure and the friction force of the bulk grain heap. The self-designed silo model was 480 mm in diameter and 2 102 mm high. The silo wall, constructed of organic glass, was composed of 3 separate parts. There is a 1-mm thick gap between each part of the walls to prevent the outflow of grain. The 3 parts of the wall were named Top Wall (l 000 mm high, fixed on the steel frame), Middle Wall (100 mm high) and Upper Wall (1 000 mm high). The silo bottom, which can be raised and lowered, was divided into 4 parts (1 concentric circle and 3 concentric rings). The Top Wall, the Middle Wall and each parts of silo bottom were supported on three force sensors to measure the wall friction as well as the vertical pressure on the floor. Three earth pressure cells were embedded in the middle line of the Middle Wall to measure the wall lateral pressure. Two experimental schemes were carried out. No.1 scheme is that: Fill the silo model with wheat to a height of 100 mm at each time until the height of the wheat reached 1 000 mm. Record the data obtained from each of the force sensors supported under each part of the silo bottom as well as the force sensors supported under the Upper Wall of each grain height. This scheme is designed to measure the radial distribution of bottom pressure under different grain heights. The No.2 scheme is that: Fill the silo model with wheat to a height of 1 000 mm and then raise the flat bottom to the lower edge of the Middle Wall. Drop the bottom by 50 mm at each time. Meanwhile, record the data obtained from the earth pressure cells embedded in the Middle Wall and the data obtained from the force sensors supported under the Middle Wall at difficult depths of wheat. The distribution of the storage force at the boundary was measured in the experiment. The rationality of the model test data is verified by compared with the classic theory. Combined with the experimental data, it is found that the bottom pressure of silo grain heap presents the uneven distribution characteristics of “large in middle and small on sides”, and the uneven distribution degree is gradually obvious with the increase of grain loading height. The lateral pressure of silo wall is slightly larger than that of Janssen formula when the depth is more than 0.5 m. The friction of the side wall is larger than that of Janssen formula along the whole depth of wheat. And the value of the friction coefficient between the grain and the silo wall is smaller than external friction coefficient measured by directly sheared tests along the whole depth of wheat. It proved that the value of wall friction calculated by Janssen formula is larger than what it really is and the state between the wheat and silo wall haven’t reach the limit equilibrium. The lateral pressure coefficient measured by experiment is closed to Rankine's main dynamic and is less than active earth pressure coefficient. The experiment results show that the model silo test device has good repeatability, and it can provide a simple and feasible technical support for the theory of storage pressure.
  • [1] Janssen HA. Experiments about pressures of grain in silos[J]. Z. des Vereines Deutscher Ingenieure, 1895, 39(35): 1045-1049.
    [2] Rankine W J M. On the stability of loose earth[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society, 1857, 147: 9-27.
    [3] 李湘群,蒋亦民,彭政,等. Rankine被动应力状态粮仓的Janssen行为[J]. 山东大学学报:理学版,2010,45(9):101-104.Li Xiangqun, Jiang Yimin, Peng Zheng, et al. Janssen behavior of silos with Rankine passive stress[J]. Journal of Shandong University: Natural Science, 2010, 45(9): 101-104. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [4] 安蓉蓉. 粮食的内摩擦角、弹性模量及体变模量的试验研究[D]. 南京:南京财经大学,2010.An Rongrong. Experiment Study on Angle of Internal Friction, Elastic Modulus and Bulk Strain Modulus of Grain[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, 2010. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [5] 彭政,王璐珠,蒋亦民. 颗粒物质与固体交界面静摩擦系数的测量与分析[J]. 山东大学学报:理学版,2011,46(1):42-45.Peng Zheng, Wang Luzhu, Jiang Yimin. Measurement and analysis of static friction coefficient on a granular-solid interface[J]. Journal of Shandong University: Natural Science, 2011, 46(1): 42-45. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [6] 许启铿,金立兵,王录民,等. 粮食力学参数的试验研究[J]. 河南工业大学学报:自然科学版,2010,31(1):18-21.Xu Qikeng, Jin Libing, Wang Lumin, et al. Research on the determination of mechanical parameter of grains[J]. Journal of Henan University of Technology: Natural Science Edition, 2010, 31(1): 18-21. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [7] 程绪铎,陆琳琳,石翠霞. 小麦摩擦特性的试验研究[J]. 中国粮油学报,2012,27(4):15-19.Cheng Xuduo, Lu Linlin, Shi Cuixia. The experimental research on friction properties of wheat[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 2012, 27(4): 15-19. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [8] 陈家豪. 散装粮堆空间压力场理论与试验研究[D]. 河南:河南工业大学,2017.Chen Jiahao. The Theoretical and Experimental Study on the Spatial Pressure Field of Granular Grain pile[D]. Henan: Henan University of Technology, 2017. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [9] 蒋亦民,郑鹤鹏. 一种颗粒底部压力不趋向饱和的粮仓系统[J]. 物理学报,2008, 57(11):7360-7366.Jiang Yimin, Zheng Hepeng. A silo of which the pressure on the bottom of granular matter does not go to saturation[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2008, 57(11): 7360-7366. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [10] 李智峰,彭政,蒋亦民. 粮仓内颗粒压力的测量: Janssen行为及其偏差[J]. 物理学报,2014,63(10):296-303.Li Zhifeng, Peng Zheng, Jiang Yimin. Measurements of granular pressure in silo: Janssenbehaviour and deviation[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(10): 296-303. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [11] GB/T 5498-2013. 粮油检验容重测定[S].
    [12] 许启铿,陈家豪,王录民. 小麦力学参数的三轴压缩试验研究[J]. 河南工业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,36(5):101-105.Xu Qikeng, Chen Jiahao, Wang Lumin. Mechanical parameters of wheat in triaxial compression tests[J]. Journal of Henan University of Technology: Natural Science Edition, 2015, 36(5): 101-105. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [13] Reimbert M L, Reimbert A M. Silos: Theory and Practice[M]. Clausthal: Trans Tech Publictions, 1976.
    [14] 陈长冰. 筒仓内散体侧压力沿仓壁分布研究[D]. 合肥:合肥工业大学,2006.Chen Changbing. Research on Distribution of Lateral Bulk-Solid Pressures on Silos' walls[D]. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, 2006. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [15] 刘定华,王建华,杨建斌. 钢筋混凝土筒仓侧压力的试验研究[J]. 西安建筑科技大学学报,1995(1):8-12.Liu Dinghua, Wang Jianhua, Yang Jianbin. An experimental study of the lateral pressure on the wall of reinforced concrete silo[J]. Journal of Xian University of Architecture and Technology, 1995(1): 8-12. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [16] 刘定华,郝际平. 钢筋混凝土筒仓仓壁侧压力的研究[J]. 建筑结构学报,1995(5):57-63.Liu Dinghua, Hao Jiping. Research on lateral pressure upon wall of reinforced concrete silo[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 1995(5): 57-63. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [17] GB50077-2003. 钢筋混凝土筒仓设计规范[S].
    [18] ACI Committee 313-97. Standard practice for design and construction of concrete silos and stacking tubes for storing granular materials[S].
    [19] 陆坤权,刘寄星. 颗粒物质(上)[J]. 物理,2004,33(9):629-635.Lu Kunquan, Liu Jixing. Static and dynamic properties of granular matter(I)[J]. Physics, 2004, 33(9): 629-635. (inChinese with English abstract)
    [20] 王晶. 不同维度下颗粒链的粮仓效应[D]. 北京:北京理工大学,2016.Wang Jing. Bottom Stress of Static Packing of Granular Chains in 2D and 3D Silos[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology, 2016. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [21] Vanel L, Clément E. Pressure screening and fluctuations at the bottom of a granular column[J]. The European Physical Journal B-Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 1999, 11(3): 525-533.
    [22] Vanel L, Claudin P, Bouchaud J P, et al. Stresses in silos: Comparison between theoretical models and new experiments[J]. Physical Review Letters, 1999, 84(7): 1439-1442.
    [23] Jaky J. The coefficient of earth pressure at rest[J]. Journal for Society of Hungarian Architects and Engineers, 1944(5): 355-358.
    [24] 张家康,黄文萃,姜涛,等. 筒仓贮料侧压力系数研究[J]. 建筑结构学报,1999,20(1):71-74.Zhang Jiakang, Huang Wencui, Jiang Tao, et al. Study on lateral pressure ratio of stored material in silo[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 1999, 20(1): 71-74. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [25] 曾丁,黄文彬. 筒仓壁压的有限元分析[J]. 农业工程学报,1998,14(2):44-48.Zeng Ding. Huang Wenbin. Finite element analysis of silo wall pressure[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 1998, 14(2): 44-48. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [26] BS EN1991-4:2006. Eurocode 1-Actions on structures-Part 4: Silos and tanks[S].
    [27] 冯云田,华云龙. 适用于柔性圆筒仓的修正的Janssen公式[J]. 中国农业大学学报,1996(4):107-111.Feng Yuntian, Hua Yunlong. Modified Janssen formula for flexible circular bins[J]. Journal of China Agricultural University, 1996(4): 107-111. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [28] 曾丁,郝保红,黄文彬. 筒仓静态壁压的有限元分析[J]. 中国粉体技术,2000(5):6-10.Zeng Ding, Hao Baohong, Huang Wenbin. Finite element analysis of static wall pressure of silo[J]. China Powder Science and Technology, 2000(5): 6-10. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [29] 陈长冰. 考虑仓壁弹性的粮食钢筒仓侧压力系数修正[J]. 中国农机化学报,2006(3):82-83.Chen Changbing. Lateral pressure ratio of food steel silos based on considering the wall elasticity[J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2006(3): 82-83. (in Chinese with English abstract)
    [30] 孙珊珊,赵均海,张常光,等. 深仓和浅仓储料侧压力新解[J]. 广西大学学报:自然科学版,2018,43(1):168-177.Sun Shanshan, Zhao Junhai, Zhang Changguang, et al. New solution for lateral pressure of silos and bunkers[J]. Journal of Guangxi University: Natural Science Edition, 2018, 43(1): 168-177. (in Chinese with English abstract)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  2530
  • HTML全文浏览量:  0
  • PDF下载量:  537
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-04-03
  • 修回日期:  2018-05-09
  • 发布日期:  2018-06-30

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回