迷宫流道滴头内流场和颗粒运动的不同湍流模型数值模拟

    Numerical simulation of flow fields and particle movement characteristics in labyrinth channel emitter using different turbulence models

    • 摘要: 为更好研究迷宫流道滴头的内流场水力性能和颗粒运动特性,该文采用k-ε模型和Eulerian-Lagrangian两相流模型进行了一系列数值研究。首先,通过3种湍流模型(标准k-ε、RNG k-ε与Realizable k-ε)预测迷宫流道滴头水力特性并与喻黎明等(2009)的试验结果对比分析,标准k-ε模型更适合于模拟迷宫流道滴头的内流场,与PIV试验数据相比,水力性能曲线平均模拟误差仅为2.32%。然后,基于Lagrangian的颗粒离散相模型,数值研究了齿形迷宫流道内不同密度和直径的单个颗粒运动轨迹及运动特性,并与喻黎明等(2009)的相关试验数据比较,结果表明,考虑了重力、浮力、虚拟质量力和曳力的随机轨道模型能够更加准确地模拟颗粒在迷宫流道内的运动,与PIV试验数据相比,颗粒运动速度后平均模拟误差仅为2.34%。颗粒直径变化较密度变化对颗粒运动影响大,随着颗粒直径或密度增大,颗粒运动速度减小,颗粒速度变化幅值大小依次为:速度极小值、平均速度、速度极大值,随着颗粒粒径增大,流经漩涡区时颗粒速度减小较大,颗粒的运动跟随性变差,颗粒在惯性力的作用下沉积在流道拐角内侧的漩涡区,由此可能造成迷宫流道堵塞。同时,以上对比分析表明,相关两相流模型和数值方法可很好预测滴头内部固液两相流动,可为滴头抗堵塞设计提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: The clogging of labyrinth channel emitters is of great concern to many researchers. It is great significance to carry out the flow analysis in the labyrinth channel, to master a more comprehensive understanding of two-phase flow mechanism, and to achieve the visualization of the fluid flow and particle movement inside the labyrinth channel for the clogging of the emitters. In this paper, a high quality structured mesh is used on the basis of reference based on the ICEM CFD software. The applicability of a series of k-ε turbulence models is systematically investigated and the particle movement law is further analyzed based on the Lagrangian method for discrete phase model. Compared with the experimental data cited form the literature Liming Yu et al. (2009), this paper, the various forces of single-particle were comprehensively considered, and the change law of the trajectory of single-particle with different densities and diameters were predicted, the variation of the migration velocity between single-particle and its surrounding fluid under different diameters and the variation law of the drag force of single-particle were analyzed, et al. The adaptability of 3 turbulence models (standard k-ε, RNG k-ε and Realizable k-ε) in the labyrinth channel emitter were analyzed, the average errors predicted by RNG k-ε and Realizable k-ε model are 8.96% and 8.11% respectively, while the average error predicted by standard k-ε model is only 2.32%, the standard k-ε model is more suitable for simulating of the pure continuous-phase complex turbulent flows inside a labyrinth channel emitter. The computed trajectory characteristics of single-particle showed that the stochastic trajectory model, which considered gravity, buoyancy, virtual mass force and drag force, can be employed to capture precisely the movement of the particles in labyrinth channel. The paths of magnesium particle, sand particle and aluminum particles passing through the labyrinth channel were 43.97 mm, 44.25 mm and 50.79 mm, respectively, while the paths of 65, 100 and 150 μm sand particles passing through the labyrinth channel were 34.04, 44.25 and 49.06 mm respectively, so the change of particle density had less effect on the particle trajectory than that of particle diameter. With the increase of particle density, the fluid flow field was greatly disturbed by the particle, the mainstream region and low velocity region begin to mix and the separation of the particle motion and the liquid flow was obvious. With the increase of the particle diameter, the velocity deviation between singe-particle and the surrounding fluid increased continuously, the disorderly phenomenon of the particle-phase and liquid-phase velocities peak emerges, the changes of the velocity amplitude and the mean velocity was decreased, the drag force of single-particle was increased, and the trajectory of single-particle becomes chaotic. Compared the numerical results of literature Yu Liming et al (2009), the average error of the particle movement velocity was only 2.34%, and the single-particle trajectories were more in accordance with the objective law. With the increase of particle diameter or density, the particle velocity decreased totally, the change of particle velocity amplitude from large value to small value were in order of minimum velocity, average velocity and maximum velocity. As the particle diameter or density increases, the particle velocity decreased greatly when the particle flowed through the vortex zone, and the following behaviors of the particles became worse, and the particles possibly deposit on the inside of the corner of the vortex zone under the action of the inertial force, which probably leads to the clogging in the labyrinth channel of the emitter. The analyses can provide a reference for two-phase flow mechanism and anti-clogging design for the emitter.

       

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