Abstract: Abstract: In recent years, with the rapid development of agricultural mechanization in China, rice transplanter has been widely used. Because the transplanting parts of the transplanter have a large vibration in the working process, it will have a great impact on the operation of the machine and the operating environment of the driver. At present, the analysis of the vibration of the support arm of the transplanter and the research on how to reduce the vibration and noise are still in initial stage. In the working process, the support arm bears a variety of dynamic loads, including the working load of various parts, engine and road surface stimulation. When the frequency of the dynamic load is close to the natural frequency of the support arm, the resonance phenomenon will occur. The mechanical resonance affects the normal operation of the transplanter, reduces the service life of the transplater, and seriously affects the comfort of the working environment. Therefore, it is of great of significance to study the vibration and noise reduction of rice transplanter. In view of the vibration and noise problems in the power transmission process of high-speed rice transplanter planting mechanism, 2ZG-6DK rice transplanter was taken as the research object in this paper, and the power transmission mode and working principle of planting system were analyzed. The 3D software was used to standardize the support arm which is the key components in the power transmission system of the transplanter, and the model was imported into the ANSYS Workbench and combined with the Lanczos Method to solve the modal natural frequency and mode shape. In order to optimize the structure of the support arm based on the finite element model, it is necessary to verify the accuracy of the finite element model of the support arm. The modal test of the supporting arm of Nantong 2ZG-6DK transplanter was carried out by using DH5902 Dynamic Data acquisition and modal analysis system, the first 4-order modal frequency and mode of the support arm of the transplanter were obtained by signal analysis and parameter identification. The accuracy of the finite element model of the support arm was verified by the comparison between the modal test results and the finite element analysis results. Based on this, MAC-based (modal assurance) was carried out and the accuracy of finite element analysis was verified. The criterion test optimized the modal test to verify the accuracy of the finite element theory analysis. In order to avoid the external excitation frequency of the support arm, based on the analysis of the external frequency excitation characteristics, and on account of the ISIGHT multidisciplinary software platform, the structural parameters of the support arm were optimized by the sequential quadratic programming method. The results showed that the thickness of the optimized support arm sidewall cavity was 5.7 mm, the beam width was 42.0 mm, the arm length was 497.0 mm, and the first 4-order modal frequencies were adjusted to 135.17, 204.23, 483.14 and 702.32 Hz respectively, which all avoided the gasser engine excitation frequency range 86.67-120 Hz. After the optimization, the vibration amplitude attenuation was the most obvious at the 1-order frequency, the vibration amplitude was decreased by 9.4%, and the low-frequency vibration characteristics of the support arm were significantly improved. The research results can provide reference for the vibration characteristics analysis and vibration reduction design of the rice transplanter.