Abstract:
It was an inherent requirement for rational utilization of land resources to the implementation of Poverty Alleviation Reallocation. In this paper, we analyzed characteristics, causes and rationality of land use at three poverty alleviation reallocation project area in Xundian which is a typical mountainous poverty county in Yunnan province located at southwest of China, with help of field surveying(random sampling for door to door questionnaire survey), GIS technology (coordinate conversion, geometric Correction, pattern vectorizaton and spatial overlay analysis, etc.) and other technical methods, so as to finding out rationality and constraints of land use and define directions for rational utilization of land resource for those project areas. Results showed that limited by the fragile physical environment and low input, resettlement area increased a large number of new construction land which mainly transferred from cultivated land and the other transferred from forest land and grassland in poor mountainous area. Those new added construction lands mainly located at slope area among 6° to 25°, few construction land even located in the areas above 25°. The results also showed that it was significantly lagged for land reclamation from homestead and reforestation from steep slope cropland at the out-migration area restricted by shortage of necessities, challenges of existing industries, traditional cultural habits and life styles. In addition, reasonability indexes were above 0.50 for the three studied project areas. Shanglongtanqing and Yilangku had reached low-rationality level with 0.642 6 and 0.605 3, respectively, Damoqing had the low-irrationality level with 0.530 9. The common factors which affected land use rationality included slope at the resettlement area (I1), reclamation rate from homestead (I6) and reforestation rate from steep slope cropland (I7) at the out-migration area. The other factors such as resettlement area dispersion (I3) and land-use type transferred into new added construction land at the resettlement area (I9) had some extent influences on land use rationality. Moreover, our results showed that the main impact factors which influenced land use rationality for the whole Xundian county included slope of resettlement area (I1), reclamation rate from homestead at out-migration area (I6), reforestation from steep slope cropland at out-migration area (I7), and land-use type transferred into new added construction land at the resettlement area(I9). It was necessary to implementing the policy strictly, taking full account of both regional land resources and environmental conditions, planning spatial layout for project land properly for the further poverty alleviation reallocation project. Measures should be implemented such as reclamation from homestead and reforestation from steep slope cropland at out-migration area without delay, and improve living environment practical at poor mountain areas.