王喜波, 崔强, 张安琪, 王玉莹, 孙洪蕊, 朱丹丹, 刘越峰. 超声处理改善不同比例大豆-乳清混合蛋白理化性质[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(22): 299-305. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.22.037
    引用本文: 王喜波, 崔强, 张安琪, 王玉莹, 孙洪蕊, 朱丹丹, 刘越峰. 超声处理改善不同比例大豆-乳清混合蛋白理化性质[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(22): 299-305. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.22.037
    Wang Xibo, Cui Qiang, Zhang Anqi, Wang Yuying, Sun Hongrui, Zhu Dandan, Liu Yuefeng. Ultrasonic treatment improving physical and chemical properties of soybean-whey mixed protein in different proportions[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2018, 34(22): 299-305. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.22.037
    Citation: Wang Xibo, Cui Qiang, Zhang Anqi, Wang Yuying, Sun Hongrui, Zhu Dandan, Liu Yuefeng. Ultrasonic treatment improving physical and chemical properties of soybean-whey mixed protein in different proportions[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2018, 34(22): 299-305. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.22.037

    超声处理改善不同比例大豆-乳清混合蛋白理化性质

    Ultrasonic treatment improving physical and chemical properties of soybean-whey mixed protein in different proportions

    • 摘要: 为了探究超声作用对不同比例大豆-乳清混合蛋白功能性质的影响。该试验以大豆蛋白与乳清蛋白为原料,对粒径、ζ-电位、内源性荧光光谱、扫描电子显微镜等结构性质,以及乳化活性、乳化稳定性、质构、持水性等理化特性和功能特性进行研究。结果表明:当SPI-WPI(soy protein isolate- whey protein isolate)质量比为5:5时,乳化活性与乳化稳定性最大(65.5 m2/g,16.3 min),同时粒径分布由双峰转为单峰,体积平均粒径D4,3 达到最小值(205.6 nm)、ζ-电位绝对值达到最大(21.4 mV),此时混合体系稳定性最好。内源性荧光光谱显示有荧光物质释放,荧光强度持续增强,说明超声处理改变了混合体系蛋白结构。超声处理后混合蛋白比例在5:5时,具有最佳的凝胶性质,硬度达到最高(475.61 N),持水性达到最大(85.32%),与扫描电子显微镜的结果一致,显示此时混合蛋白体系形成致密、均一、有规则凝胶网络结构。该研究可为大豆-乳清混合蛋白的应用提供技术支撑。

       

      Abstract: Proteins are widely used in food ingredients because of their excellent nutritional and functional values. We investigated the effect of ultrasound on the functional properties of different ratios of soybean-whey mixed protein. In the experiment, we used soy protein and whey protein as raw materials, use the particle size, ζ-potential, endogenous fluorescence spectrum, their indices from scanning electron microscope, as well as the emulsification activity, emulsion stability, texture, water holding capacity were studied for physico-chemical properties and functional properties. The results showed that when the mass ratio of SPI-WPI mixture was 5:5, the emulsification activity and emulsion stability reach highest (65.5 m2/g, 16.3min), and the particle size distribution changed from double peak to single peak, the volume average particle size reached the minimum value (205.6 nm), and the absolute value of the ζ-potential reached the maximum (21.4 mV), the mixed system had the best stability at this time. The endogenous fluorescence spectrum showed that fluorescent substances released and the fluorescence intensity continued increasing, which indicated the protein structure of the mixed system was changed in ultrasonic treatment. After ultrasonic treatment, the mass ratio of mixed protein at 5:5 had the best gel properties, the highest hardness (475.61N) and the maximum water holding capacity (85.32%), the gel has a dense network structure, consistent with the results of the scanning electron microscope, which indicated the gel structure of the mixed protein system was uniform. In recent years, mixed proteins foods are more conducive to human health and have been acquired new texture, especially the mixture of plant proteins and animal proteins, which have received increasing attention. Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) and Soy Protein Isolate (SPI) are widely used in the food industry. However, the application of expanded protein in food and non-food field has been limited by poor gelation of WPI and poor emulsification of SPI, which lead to seriously restrict to the application of mixed protein in food. Research on mixed protein systems mainly focuses on improving the physical-chemical properties of mixed proteins and exploring the effects of different treatments on the interaction between mixed proteins. However, research on the functional properties of the SPI-WPI mixed protein system by ultrasonic has not been reported. We mainly explored the effects of the emulsification and gel property after the ultrasonic treatment (450 W, 30 min) of different mass ratios (1:9, 3:7, 5:5, 7:3, 9:1). The different mass ratios of without ultrasonic SPI-WPI mixed protein were designed as a control to explore the mechanism of ultrasonic treatment on the functional properties of mixed proteins. Our studies showed that the complementary effects of mixed proteins were mainly reflected in the interaction between soy protein isolate and casein or whey protein in milk forms a "key cluster" to promote efficient use of amino acids. This essay study aimed to prepare a high-emulsification and gelatinous mixed protein food to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new biprotein foods.

       

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