王美芝, 薛晓柳, 刘继军, 王文锋, 韩蒙蒙, 易路, 吴中红. 不同饲喂器和饮水器配置对育肥猪生产性能和节水的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(Z): 66-72. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.z.011
    引用本文: 王美芝, 薛晓柳, 刘继军, 王文锋, 韩蒙蒙, 易路, 吴中红. 不同饲喂器和饮水器配置对育肥猪生产性能和节水的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(Z): 66-72. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.z.011
    Wang Meizhi, Xue Xiaoliu, Liu Jijun, Wang Wenfeng, Han Mengmeng, Yi Lu, Wu Zhonghong. Effect of different allocations of wet-dry feeders and drinkers on production performance and water saving of finishing pigs[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2018, 34(Z): 66-72. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.z.011
    Citation: Wang Meizhi, Xue Xiaoliu, Liu Jijun, Wang Wenfeng, Han Mengmeng, Yi Lu, Wu Zhonghong. Effect of different allocations of wet-dry feeders and drinkers on production performance and water saving of finishing pigs[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2018, 34(Z): 66-72. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.z.011

    不同饲喂器和饮水器配置对育肥猪生产性能和节水的影响

    Effect of different allocations of wet-dry feeders and drinkers on production performance and water saving of finishing pigs

    • 摘要: 为探究规模化养殖模式下不同饲喂器饮水器配置对育肥猪生产性能和节水的影响,试验比较了使用试验组饲喂器饮水器配置(带分隔条的不锈钢干湿料饲喂器,每组60头猪,提供4个采食位、2个杯式饮水器作为补充饮水器)和对照组饲喂器饮水器配置(商业猪场常用的饲喂器饮水器配置,不带分隔条的塑料斗干湿料饲喂器,每组60头猪,提供8~12个采食位、6个杯式饮水器作为补充饮水器)饲养育肥猪的生产性能和节水效果,每组各4个重复。结果表明,试验组和对照组育肥猪的日均耗料质量、日均体增质量和料质量体增质量比均没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。试验组补充饮水器不供水而对照组补充饮水器均供水时,每头猪日均总耗水量分别为(8.62±2.21)、(22.89±3.55)L,差异极显著(P<0.01);试验组与对照组补充饮水器均供水时,每头猪日均总耗水量分别为(24.03±3.11)、(28.66±4.92)L,差异不显著(P>0.05)。在不考虑动物福利的条件下,试验组补充饮水器未供水时,饲喂器中饮水器的供水量可满足60头体质量为50.7~71.8 kg的育肥猪的生理需求量。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: With the development of big sized finishing pigs rearing under commercial conditions in China, farmers were looking for the suitable allocations of wet-dry feeders and drinkers to save water and feed. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of new allocations of wet-dry feeders and drinkers on performance and water saving of finishing pigs compared with conventional allocations. The experiment was arranged with 4 replications for each treatment and 60 pigs per group (each group was made up of two pig pens). The experimental group new allocations: CS - stainless steel dry-wet feeder with 4 spaces, and there was a fence between two feeder spaces; 2 nipple drinkers were setup above the feeder, pigs could eat wet-dry feed of their free will. 2 cup drinkers in the two pens (1 for each pen) were named supplementary drinkers. The control group conventional allocations: Plastic dry-wet feeder with 8~12 spaces, there was no fence between feeder spaces, and there was 1 nipple drinker on each wet area, so pigs could eat wet-dry feed of their free will. 6 cup drinkers in two pens (3 for each pen) were named supplementary drinkers in the control group. The cup drinkers in the experimental group were turned off from 93 to 100 d (pigs age) and turned on from 101 to 140 d. The cup drinkers in the control group were turned on from 93 to 140 d. There was no significant difference in average initial body mass between experimental group and control group (the initial body mass was 41.3 kg for experimental group and 41.8 kg for control group (P>0.05)). They were used to evaluate the effect on production performance and water consumption. Environmental indices were monitored at the same time. When cup drinkers of the experimental group were turned off, there was no significant difference between experimental group and control group: (1.93±0.30) vs (1.92±0.35) kg for average daily feed consumption(P>0.05), (0.88±0.06) vs (0.85±0.16) kg for average daily body mass gain (P>0.05), (2.17±0.03) vs (2.25±0.24) for the ratio of feed consumption to body mass gain (P>0.05). However, the average daily water consumption for per pig had remarkable significant difference (P<0.01) between experimental group and control group, (8.62±2.21) vs (22.89±3.55) L. Water consumption from feeder was 100% and 3.36% of total water consumption for experimental group and control group, respectively. When cup drinkers of experimental group were turned on, production performance and water consumption of finishing pigs between the experimental group and control group were not significant different (P>0.05). Average daily feed consumption of experimental group and control group was (2.67±0.42) and (2.71±0.44) kg, respectively; and average daily body mass gain was (1.01±0.05) and (1.04±0.04) kg, respectively; ratio of feed consumption to body mass gain was (2.59±0.08) and (2.55±0.12), respectively. The average daily water consumption for per pig was (24.03±3.11) and (28.66±4.92) L, respectively; and water consumption from feeder was 3.70% and 2.69% of total water consumption, respectively, the wet-dry feeder could meet the drinking water demand of finishing pigs with body mass during 50.7 and 71.8 kg. The ratio of water to feed (1:2.5-1:3.5) was preferred when the pigs could eat wet-dry feed of their free will. Animal welfare needed to be considered to find the accuracy of feeding spaces and drinking spaces allocation.

       

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