基于路面激励自适应的液电馈能悬架动力学性能协调控制

    Dynamic performance coordination control of hydraulic electrical energy-regenerative suspension based on road excitation self-adaptation

    • 摘要: 针对液电式馈能悬架在被动模式下无法实现车辆全局工况最优,该文以路面激励频率作为切换阈值,设计了一种具有舒适、运动和综合3种模式的液电式馈能悬架,在改善车辆乘坐舒适性及操纵稳定性的同时回馈振动能量。提出了将DC-DC变换器引入悬架馈能电路中,通过实时调节DC-DC变换器中MOS管开关信号占空比以改变液电式馈能减振器阻尼力,并制定了天棚-地棚控制结合模糊PID控制的双环半主动控制方案。仿真结果表明,引入路面频率自适应的液电式馈能悬架相比单一天棚-地棚控制悬架在车身共振区的车身加速度幅值减小22.92%,在车轮共振区的轮胎动载荷幅值减小24.27%,并回收66.70 W振动能量,实现了悬架动力学性能和馈能特性的协调控制。台架试验结果表明,各时段内车身加速度试验与仿真结果峰峰值的相对误差分别为1.36%、15.72%、4.86%和13.6%,轮胎动载荷的相对误差分别为9.34%、13.62%、7.82%和15.47%;各频段内车身加速度试验与仿真结果峰值的相对误差分别为7.55%、10.18%、10.56%、和6.35%,轮胎动载荷的相对误差分别为9.64%、11.72%、10.39%和11.27%。时域和频域的相对误差均在16%之内,验证了仿真结果的正确性和系统的可行性。研究结果可为液电式馈能悬架的产品升级提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: Compared with the passive suspension, the hydraulic electrical energy-regenerative suspension can not only recycle the energy dissipated by the suspension, but also improve the dynamic performance of vehicle, which has attracted extensive attention of scholars at domestic and abroad. However, the most of research focuses on the analysis of energy-feedback characteristics,without considering how to improve the dynamic performance of vehicles adaptively according to complex road conditions while restoring energy considered. In addition, the ride comfort and handling stability of vehicle are mutually constrained, and the contradiction between them is still prominent under the passive mode. In order to meet the optimal performance of hydraulic electrical energy-regenerative suspension during the global operating condition, a hydraulic electrical energy-regenerative suspension with 3 working modes focusing on comfort, sport and comprehensiveness modes was designed to regenerate vibration energy while improving the ride comfort and handling stability of the vehicle in this paper. The road excitation frequency was chosen as the suspension mode switching threshold. The hydraulic electrical energy-regenerative shock absorber was composed of a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic rectifier bridge, a hydraulic motor, 2 accumulators, the hydraulic pipeline, a rotary motor, etc., wherein the hydraulic rectifier bridge consisted of 4 one-way valves. The DC-DC converter was introduced into the suspension energy-regenerative circuit. Based on this, the damping force formula of the shock absorber was derived. The double loop semi-active control scheme consisting of skyhook-groundhook control and fuzzy PID control was designed. The semi-active control of the hydraulic electrical energy-regenerative suspension was achieved based on the energy-regenerative circuit. The DC-DC converter could work in both boost and buck modes. The duty cycle of the MOS tube switching signal in the DC-DC converter was adjusted real time to change the damping force of the damper. Moreover, the Kalman Filter algorithm was introduced to accurately obtain the suspension state variables to track the ideal damping force. The first-order zero-crossing detection method was introduced to identify the main frequency of the road input, which was used as the switching threshold of each suspension working mode. The simulation results showed that the hydraulic electrical energy-regenerative semi-active suspension could switch the working mode adaptively according to the road frequency, and improve the vehicle dynamic performance effectively than the single mode control of semi-active suspension while regenerating energy. The proposed hydraulic electrical energy-regenerative suspension combined with road frequency self-adaption could coordinate suspension dynamic performance with energy-regenerative characteristics. The vehicle body acceleration in the comfort mode was reduced by 13.75% compared with that of the single mode control suspension, and the tire dynamic load was reduced by 17.76% in the sport mode. To verify the effectiveness of the simulation, a bench test was performed. The deviations of the PTP(peak-to-peak) value of test and simulation data of vehicle body acceleration were 1.36%, 15.72%, 4.86%, and 13.6%, respectively, and the ones of the tire dynamic load were 9.34%, 13.62%, 7.82%, and 15.47%, respectively. The errors between the test and simulation results was within 16%, which verified the correctness of the simulation results and the feasibility of the semi-active suspension system. The study provides an important reference for the performance upgrade of the hydraulic electrical energy-regenerative suspension.

       

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