TRMM在海河流域南系的降水估算精度评价及其对SWAT模型的适用性

谭丽丽; 黄峰; 乔学瑾; 刘海鹏; 李春强; 李保国

doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2020.06.016

TRMM在海河流域南系的降水估算精度评价及其对SWAT模型的适用性

1.
中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院，农业农村部华北耕地保育重点实验室，自然资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室，北京 100193
2.
河北省气象科学研究所，石家庄 050021

基金项目: 国家重点研发项目：旱作区土壤肥力和生产力演变规律及肥沃耕层特征（2016YFD0300801）；旱作区典型耕地绿水和蓝水循环特征与水分生产力研究（2016YFD0300801013）

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-01
- 修回日期: 2019-12-31
- 发布日期: 2020-03-14

Evaluation of TRMM satellite-based rainfall data in southern Haihe RiverBasin and suitability for SWAT model

1.
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Key Laboratory of Land Quality, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100193, China
2.
Meteorological Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050021, China

摘要

摘要: 准确估算区域降水对水文过程评价和水资源管理意义重大。为评估TRMM 3B42V7降水产品在海河流域南系的估算精度及其在土壤和水评估模型（Soil and Water Assessment Tool，SWAT）中的适用性，利用28个气象站降水观测数据（2007—2016年）和101个雨量站观测数据（2010—2016年）开展研究。研究表明：站点尺度上，3B42V7降水产品对月降水估算的均方根误差小于 15 mm，平均误差小于 8.5 mm；在湿润季节的估算精度更好。流域尺度上，日降水估算精度较差，相关系数小于 0.6。分区尺度上，3B42V7能够很好地捕捉到不同等级降水强度，但对微量降雨有所低估；山区和平原的年降水量均出现高估现象，平原区较为突出；此外，3B42V7能够较好地捕捉到研究区内极端降水的时间和空间分布。分 2种情景进行水文模拟，利用月平均流量对模型进行校准和验证，在情景Ⅰ中，验证期模拟结果较好，决定系数在0.56～0.96之间，纳什效率系数在-11.09～0.94之间。TRMM 3B42V7可为海河流域及其类似区域的水资源管理提供参考。
- 遥感 /
- 降雨 /
- TRMM 3B42V7评估 /
- SWAT /
- 水文模拟 /
- 海河流域南系
Abstract: Abstract：Accurate estimation of regional precipitation plays an important role in hydrologic process evaluation and waterresources management. Southern Haihe River Basin is the region with the highest degree of water resources exploitation andutilization, however, excessive exploitation of surface water and groundwater causes a series of ecological and environmentalproblems, which leads to a serious threat to water security. In this study, the accuracy of 3B42V7 estimation of precipitation inSouthern Haihe River Basin was evaluated on different spatial and temporal scales, and its applicability to hydrological modelSWAT was verified. The daily rainfall data from 28 meteorological stations (2007-2016) and 101 rain gauges (2010-2016)were used to evaluate the accuracy on TRMM 3B42V7. Correlation coefficient, relative bias ratio, mean error and root meansquare error were used to quantitatively evaluate the rainfall accuracy of 3B42V7. Moreover, determinate coefficient andNash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency were used to quantitatively evaluate SWAT simulation results. Two scenarios were setup to drive the SWAT model. In scenario I, the daily rainfall data (2010-2014) from rain gauges and 3B42V7 grid rainfall(2015-2016) were utilized to drive the model. In scenario II, the daily rainfall data (2010-2016) from meteorological stationswere used to drive the model. The results showed 3B42V7 had strong estimation ability in monthly estimation of precipitationwith the root mean square error less than 15 mm and average monthly precipitation error less than 8.5 mm. However, it waspoor in daily precipitation estimation with the correlation coefficient less than 0.6. The number of rainfall stations with therelative bias ratio between - 20% and 20% accounted for 81% and 79% during the summer season and growing period ofmaize, which indicated that 3B42V7 performed better during the wet seasons. In addition, 3B42V7 could well capture therainfall intensity at all levels, however, zero/light rain were underestimated in four zones. In the yearly estimation, the relativebias ratio values in mountainous area of the Daqinghe watershed, plain of the Daqinghe watershed, mountainous area of theZiyahe watershed and plain of the Ziyahe watershed were 2.64%, 9.59%, 7.72%, 20.32%, respectively. It means theoverestimation in plain and mountainous areas, especially in plain areas. Moreover, 3B42V7 well captured the temporal andspatial distribution of extreme precipitation in this study area. The simulated discharges of SWAT driven by data from raingauge and TRMM 3B42V7 were in good agreement with the observed ones. During the validation period, the determinatecoefficient was between 0.56 and 0.96 and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency was between - 11.09 and 0.94. TheTRMM 3B42V7 provides the possibility to expand the time and space scale of hydrological simulation and can provide datasupport for water resource management and ecological security research.
- remote sensing /
- precipitation /
- TRMM 3B42V7 evaluation /
- SWAT /
- hydrological simulation /
- Southern Haihe RiverBasin

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