刘焕军, 殷悦, 鲍依临, 张新乐, 马雨阳, 王梦沛, 孟令华, 宋少忠. 黑土区田块尺度精准管理遥感分区时空格局与成因分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2021, 37(3): 147-154. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2021.03.018
    引用本文: 刘焕军, 殷悦, 鲍依临, 张新乐, 马雨阳, 王梦沛, 孟令华, 宋少忠. 黑土区田块尺度精准管理遥感分区时空格局与成因分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2021, 37(3): 147-154. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2021.03.018
    Liu Huanjun, Yin Yue, Bao Yilin, Zhang Xinle, Ma Yuyang, Wang Mengpei, Meng Linghua, Song Shaozhong. Spatial-temporal pattern and cause analysis for accurate management of remote sensing zoning at field scale in black soil areas[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2021, 37(3): 147-154. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2021.03.018
    Citation: Liu Huanjun, Yin Yue, Bao Yilin, Zhang Xinle, Ma Yuyang, Wang Mengpei, Meng Linghua, Song Shaozhong. Spatial-temporal pattern and cause analysis for accurate management of remote sensing zoning at field scale in black soil areas[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2021, 37(3): 147-154. DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2021.03.018

    黑土区田块尺度精准管理遥感分区时空格局与成因分析

    Spatial-temporal pattern and cause analysis for accurate management of remote sensing zoning at field scale in black soil areas

    • 摘要: 精准管理分区是实施精准农业的重要环节,对分区结果的时空变化分析有利于因地制宜制定田间精准管理措施。该研究以黑龙江省友谊农场种植玉米作物的田块为研究区,获取多年玉米出苗期Sentinel-2 A卫星遥感影像,提取归一化差异植被指数(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI),运用面向对象分割的方法进行精准管理分区,通过空间转移矩阵方法表述研究区分区格局变化情况,并对精准管理分区时空格局成因进行探究。结果表明:研究区在2017-2020年6月上旬精准管理分区格局相似;分区后NDVI、高程、坡度的变异系数分别降低了70.690%~76.420%、42.857%~57.143%、30.723%~34.940%;同一条垄线上,4期NDVI最高值均位于阳坡,且坡顶至阴坡坡底NDVI值逐渐降低;作物生长初期地形影响土壤水分及温度分布从而影响作物长势及精准管理分区格局。研究结果为精准管理分区与精准施肥、施药等田间变量管理措施的衔接提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Division of accurate management area can make a great contribution to the ecological conservation in precision agriculture, particularly on preventing excessive fertilization and pesticides. There is a regularly uniform distribution of management zoning in different years in the same field. It is necessary to quantitatively analyze the spatial-temporal changes of zoning for better field accurate management according to local conditions. Most previous studies focused on the accurate partition, with emphasis on the selection of input quantity for high accuracy of zoning. The innovation of this study lies in the quantitative expression of a multiyear pattern after the division, together with the influencing factors of zoning. A corn field was selected as the research area at the Youyi Farm in Heilongjiang Province of northeastern China. The remote sensing images were captured from the Sentinel-2A satellite under the European Space Agency (ESA) during the corn seedling stage in the first ten days of June 2017-2020. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was extracted from the preprocessed images on the ArcGIS software. The object-oriented segmentation was used to segment NDVI images, where the coefficient of variation was selected to evaluate each segmentation. The coefficients of variation in the NDVI were reduced by more than 70% after segmentation. In the partition, a natural breakpoint was used to classify the NDVI. A superposition analysis was utilized to calculate the spatial transfer matrix. The results showed that the patterns of maize in the seedling stage were similar in the study area. The coefficients of variation for the elevation and slope after segmentation were reduced by 42.857%-57.143% and 30.723%-34.940%, respectively, indicating that the growth of crops was affected by terrain factors. There was also a significant correlation between the NDVI and terrain factors, such as the elevation and slope. The sensors of soil temperature and humidity were embedded in four different positions on the slope along the ridge line with obvious topographic relief. A line chart or histogram was obtained for the four NDVI, the average values of soil moisture and temperature on the same ridge line according to the elevation changes in June. The highest NDVI values in the four stages were observed on the sunny slope, while gradually decreased from the top to the bottom of a slope. The reason was that the soil temperature of the sunny slope was the highest, while the soil moisture was sufficient, suitable for the emergence conditions of crops, where the emergence was faster with the high NDVI. On the shady slope, the soil temperature was relatively low, unsuitable for the emergence conditions with a low NDVI. In a specific field, the precise management pattern was similar to the same crop in the growth period over many years. The growth of crops at the early stage and the zonings of precise management depended mainly on the distribution of soil moisture and temperature under the different topographies. The findings can provide a spatiotemporal framework to integrate accurate management with variable fertilization and pesticides in precision agriculture.

       

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