综合土地多功能与适宜性的南京市溧水区"三生"空间划定

    Delineation of production-living-ecological space in Lishui District of Nanjing based on land multi-functions and suitability

    • 摘要: 区域"三生"空间的划定是其生态文明建设的重要组成部分,也是其国土空间规划与治理体系的基础。划定"三生"空间应以土地利用多功能性分析框架为指导,突出土地主导功能,并考虑其用地分布现状及功能特征的时空变化趋势。该研究以南京市溧水区为例,在土地多功能评价和"三生"空间适宜性评价的基础上,综合其土地多功能及变化趋势和"三生"空间适宜性划定研究区"三生"空间。结果表明:1)10 a间研究区生产与生活功能下降,生态功能提升,各功能高低值所在区域也有变化,生产与生活功能、生态与生产功能表现出一定的相关关系;2)研究区生产空间适宜性差异最大,与耕地的分布存在高度的关联。生活空间适宜性差异最小,但其均值最高,呈由镇中心向周围递减的分布。生态空间适宜性均值略低于生活空间,在各镇间较为平均;3)研究区各乡镇"三生"空间综合评价结果比适宜性评价结果的耦合协调度提升,据此划定的生产、生活、生态空间在研究区占比分别为39.63%、22.72%、37.65%,生产空间集中在研究区中部和西北部,生活空间主要分布在研究区中部,而生态空间则在研究区南部。综合土地多功能与适宜性的"三生"空间划定结果更精细,且三生空间的协调性也更高,可以为研究区进一步的国土空间规划提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: Accurate delineation of regional production-living-ecological space can contribute to the ecological civilization construction in China, particularly to the territorial spatial planning and management in recent years. A multi-functional framework of land use can also be taken as the guidance of delineation practice. Moreover, the dominant land function can be highlighted to consider the temporal and spatial change, as well as the current land use. Taking Lishui district, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province as an example, the land-use multi-functions and the suitability of production, living, ecological spaces were evaluated to delineate the production-living-ecological space, considering the suitability, land-use multi-functions, and change trends from 2006 to 2016. The results showed that: 1) The production and living functions decreased in the study area, whereas, the ecological function increased during the past decade. The trend was in line with the overall urban and rural development strategy in the study area. Specifically, the areas with high values of production function were Yongyang town and Dongping town in 2006, but the development zone and Yongyang town in 2016. The areas with high values of living function were the development zone and Yongyang town both in 2006 and 2016. The area with high values of ecological function was Yongyang town in 2006, but Yongyang town and Jingqiao town in 2016. Furthermore, the areas with low function values were also changed from 2006 to 2016. There was a positive correlation between the spatial distribution of the production function and the living function. The towns with higher production functions usually presented higher income levels and living standards, where the infrastructure construction, in turn, promoted the optimization and transformation of production structure. The spatial distribution of ecological function indicated a negative correlation with the production function and the living function, due mainly to the functional orientation of each town. 2) There was the greatest difference in the values of production space, among the suitability values of production, living, and ecological spaces in the study area, indicating a high correlation with the distribution of cultivated land. There were no significantly different values of living space, but the mean value was the highest. Besides, the values presented an obvious "ring" and "block" distribution patterns in the whole area, particularly decreasing from the center of town to the surroundings. The mean value of ecological space was slightly lower than that of living space and evenly distributed among the towns. 3) The coupling coordination degree of comprehensive evaluation on the production, living, and ecological spaces in each town was higher than that of the suitability evaluation data. As such, the production-living-ecological space was then delineated, according to the comprehensive evaluation. Specifically, three spaces accounted for 39.63%, 22.72%, and 37.65% of the study area, respectively. The production space was concentrated in the middle and northwest of Lishui district, where the space areas were relatively average in the towns. The living space was mainly distributed in the middle, where the space areas varied with different towns. The ecological space was distributed in the south. Consequently, the precision and coordination were higher in the production-living-ecological space in terms of land-use suitability and multi-functions. The findings can provide a sound reference for territorial spatial planning in the study area.

       

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