Abstract: Abstract: The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are the main grain producing areas in China and also the areas where flood disasters occur frequently. Some studies have shown that early flooding stress has a post effect on rice growth. However, these studies lacked the continuous observation of photosynthetic characteristics of rice leaves and dry matter quality of plant organs in post-stress period, and the ability of photosynthetic carbon assimilation and the allocation strategy of carbon assimilates in post-stress period are particularly important for the formation of final yield. The post-effect of waterlogging usually happens on the rice growth in July and August. This study aims to explore the photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter distribution of rice in the post-stress period in response to the waterlogging that occurred during the jointing-booting stage. Taking the used rice (Ⅱ-You 898) as the object, a two-year field test was carried out at the Xinmaqiao irrigation experimental station at the Anhui and Huaihe River Institute of Hydraulic Research in China (117°22′E, 33°09′N). Nine treatments were set with different combinations of flooding depth (1/2, 3/4, and full-submerged) and flooding duration (5, 7, and 9 days), as well as a control treatment. Several observations were then made on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics, root growth, dry matter of plant organs, and rice yield after waterlogging stress. The results show that the waterlogging stress relatively inhibited the leaf stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate, but these traits were gradually recovered and even compensated after the stress was relieved. After the end of waterlogging stress at jointing-booting stage, the stomatal conductance of most treatment groups was lower than that of the control group, but with the relief of waterlogging stress, the stomatal conductance of rice gradually recovered. The recovery process was depended mainly on the degree of previous waterlogging. Waterlogging stress at jointing-booting stage had a significant post-effect effect on dry matter distribution of rice: The dry matter distribution coefficients of leaves, stems and roots were increased, but the dry matter distribution coefficients of panicle were decreased. Among them, the increase of dry matter distribution coefficient of leaf and stem was the most obvious. The dry matter distribution of rice under the stress was more inclined to the leaf and stem, particularly more evident with the increase of the previous stress. The two-year average distribution coefficient of stem and leaf dry matter increased by 7.9% in the 1/2 submerged treatment after 20-day rewatering, compared with the control, while the full-submerged increased by 32.9%. There was a significant correlation between the rice yield and the distribution coefficient of leaf and stem dry matter in the post-stress period, where the correlation coefficient was 0.875 (P=0.023). The rice yield decreased with the increase of dry matter distribution coefficient of leaf and stem, while with the decrease of leaf stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate. Anyway, a preliminary comment can be the potential mechanism of stress-induced reduction in rice yield. The findings can provide a theoretical basis for the decision-making on disaster mitigation management after waterlogging in rice fields.