Abstract: Here, the best ratio of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer to urea was determined to match the nitrogen demand of winter wheat. The fertilizer application structure was also optimized for the efficient use of nitrogen fertilizer and economic benefits. Seven fertilizer treatments were applied into the winter wheat in a two-year field trial: urea only (U), slow-release N fertilizer only (S), slow-release N fertilizer with the urea 1:3 (SU1), 1:1 (SU2), and 3:1 (SU3), no N fertilizer (N0) and no fertilizer (CK). A systematic investigation was made to explore the effects of slow-release N fertilizer application rates on the dry matter accumulation and transport, yield, and N fertilizer use efficiency of winter wheat. The results showed that there was an increase in the rapid growth period and the maximum accumulation rate of dry matter in the winter wheat with the proportion of slow-release N fertilizer. The average dry matter accumulation rate of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer combined with the urea increased by 1.90% to 19.91%, compared with the ordinary urea. The proportion of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application posed a significant impact on the post post-flowering dry matter production. There was an increase in the pre and post post-flowering dry matter transport. Meanwhile, the post post-flowering dry matter production was contributed 53.18% to 71.83% of the grain yield. The yield increased significantly with the increasing proportion of slow-release N fertilizer, with the two-year yields of 7 243 and 8 021 kg/hm² in the SU3, which were 7.25% and 16.07% higher than the S and U treatments, respectively, and their economic benefits were 15.18% and 25.67%, respectively. The cumulative nitrogen uptake of winter wheat increased by the application of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer with the urea. Specifically, the cumulative nitrogen uptake values were 24.08% to 36.63% higher than those in the SU3, compared with the U treatment. The slow-release N fertilizer with the urea was improved the N fertilizer use efficiency. The agronomic use efficiency, physiological use efficiency, and biased productivity were improved in the SU3, compared with the U treatment. But there was no significant difference between SU2 and SU3 treatments (P>0.05). The slow-release N combined with the urea was significantly improved the N use efficiency, but there was no significant difference between SU2 and SU3 treatments (P>0.05). Therefore, the slow-release N fertilizer mixed with the urea can be expected to improve the winter wheat yield and N use efficiency. The dry matter growth period was significantly extended to promote the maximum accumulation rate for the post-flowering dry matter production and its transport rate to the seed. By comprehensive consideration, under the condition of nitrogen application rate of 180 kg/hm², the combination of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and urea application ratio of 50% (SU2) can achieve green, high yield, and high efficiency of winter wheat. Among them, the yield is 7 458 kg/hm², the nitrogen fertilizer absorption and utilization rate is 45.97%, and the agronomic utilization rate, physiological utilization rate, and partial productivity are 16.07, 30.49, and 42.09 kg/kg, respectively. The finding can provide the theoretical basis for the rational fertilization of winter wheat. Follow-up studies need to consider the environmental effects and carbon and nitrogen emissions, together with the impact of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer combined with the urea on the soil nitrate nitrate-nitrogen distribution, ammonia volatilization, and greenhouse gas emissions. Further research can be conducted to determine the amount and proportion of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and urea application for the high yield, high efficiency, and simultaneous emission reduction in winter wheat farmland.