Abstract:
Well-facilitated farmland construction is one of the most important initiatives for national food security. All permanent basic farmland is required to gradually build into well-facilitated farmland in recent years. However, most of the existing studies are aimed at the situation in a certain region and aspect, such as the evaluation of regional construction performance and programs at present. It is conducive to summarizing the current situation of construction and the subsequent development needs on a nationwide scale. This review aims to fully understand the current situation of well-facilitated farmland construction in China, in order to grasp the development trend for the subsequent implementation of the follow-up work. A questionnaire was used to investigate the new construction and upgrading of well-facilitated farmland in 28 provinces. The results showed that the completed well-facilitated farmland was concentrated mainly in the Middle-Lower Yangtze, the Huang-Huai-Hai, and the Northeast zones. There was a high demand for the retrofit and upgrading of the constructed well-facilitated farmland in various places. The large area of retrofit and upgrading was attributed to the combination of funding, policy, management, and technology. The construction quality cannot fully meet the expectations, due to the lack of construction investment. The different construction of the main body resulted in the nonuniform standards of well-facilitated farmland construction without the management and maintenance. There was the aging of engineering facilities and the cultivated land with insufficient fertility current well-facilitated farmland construction, most of which was the aging of irrigation and drainage, as well as field road projects. The most common issue of land was the lack of soil organic matter content. In addition, they were also commonly found in the aging field remediation, aging farmland transmission and distribution, soil compaction and insufficient effective thickness layer. Distinct regional characteristics were observed in the soil sanding, acidification and salinization. Although there were some differences in the construction bases, as well as retrofit and upgrading needs of well-facilitated farmland in each construction region, the quality of construction was effectively improved to focus on the key issues for the comprehensive upgrading of construction standards. Therefore, the construction of well-facilitated farmland should improve all engineering facilities to strengthen the irrigation and drainage projects, as well as the field road construction. The enhancement of arable land can be focused on strengthening the scientific nature of construction planning for the feasibility and ecological sustainability of the construction programs, according to the local conditions. New concepts and technologies can be expected to empower the highly efficient water-saving, digital intelligent, and green low-carbon farmland in the efficient, information-based, green and modernized agriculture. The findings can also provide an important reference for China's well-facilitated farmland construction in the promotion of agricultural modernization.