主体功能区视角下湖北省耕地利用转型时空分异特征

    Spatial-temporal divergence of cultivated land use transformation in Hubei Province from the perspective of main functional zones

    • 摘要: 明晰不同主体功能区耕地利用转型时空分异特征对耕地资源可持续管理与利用具有重要意义。该研究在基于要素诱致性替代理论阐述耕地利用转型机理的基础上,以湖北省所有区(县)为研究对象,采用社会经济、自然地理、农业生产等数据对1995—2019年间不同主体功能区耕地利用转型时空分异特征进行研究。结果表明:1)湖北省耕地功能转型随时间主要呈倒“V”型变化特征,各主体功能区早中期主要发生负转型,后期主要发生正转型;空间上呈现鄂西山区及武汉城市圈少数地区转型程度较为剧烈,其余地区相对平缓;生态功能区转型最为剧烈,而重点发展区转型最缓和。2)湖北省耕地空间转型随时间呈“N”型变化特征,各主体功能区随时间正负转型交错;空间上呈现江汉平原及武汉城市圈的部分地区转型较剧烈而鄂西等山区转型较弱的特征,农产品主产区转型最剧烈,重点发展区次之,生态功能区最平缓;3)湖北省耕地利用总转型随时间呈M”型变化特征,各主体功能区早中期主要发生负转型,后期主要发生正转型;空间上表现为江汉平原及武汉城市圈的部分地区转型剧烈程度强于鄂西等地区,农产品主产区强于重点发展区和生态功能区。不同主体功能区在社会经济条件、耕地资源禀赋等方面异质性明显,应采取差异化的政策设计引导耕地利用转型,服务湖北省社会经济可持续发展需要。

       

      Abstract: This study aims to clarify the spatiotemporal divergence of cultivated land use transformation in different functional areas for the sustainable management and utilization of land resources. The influencing factor was substituted to explain the transformation of cultivated land use. Taking all districts (counties) in Hubei Province as the research object, a systematic investigation was implemented to explore the spatiotemporal divergence of cultivated land use transformation in different main functional zones from 1995 to 2019. The data was collected from the socio-economic, natural geography, and agricultural production. The transformation of cultivated land use was determined from the perspectives of functional and spatial patterns. The research steps were as follows. Firstly, the functional and spatial values were calculated for the cultivated land use. Then the difference between the two periods was used to measure the degree of transformation of cultivated land use function and spatial transformation. The total degree of transformation was then measured on the cultivated land use. And then, kernel density estimation and spatial analysis were used to describe the spatiotemporal characteristics. The results indicated that: 1) There was a significant difference in the spatiotemporal divergence of functional transformation for the cultivated land use. A "V" shaped variation was observed as the first decreased and then increased over time. Different types of functional zones shared the negative transformation in the early and middle stages, while the positive transformation in the later stages. In terms of spatial distribution, there was a relatively severe degree of functional transformation in the mountainous areas of the western and a few areas in the Wuhan metropolitan area. While the rest areas were relatively gentle; The most severe level was found in the functional transformation of cultivated land use in the ecological function areas, followed by the Main Agricultural Production Areas, and finally the key development areas. 2) Spatial transformation of cultivated land use showed the trend of first increase, then decrease and then increase, like the "N" type over time; Different types of main functional areas shared the positive and negative interlacing transformation. The intensity of spatial transformation was obtained in the spatial distribution of cultivated land use. Among them, some districts (counties) in the Jianghan Plain and Wuhan metropolitan areas were stronger than those in the western and the rest regions. While the main agricultural production areas were stronger than the key development and the ecological function areas. 3) The total transformation of cultivated land exhibited an "M" shaped fluctuation over time; Different types of functional zones behaved the negative transformation in the early and middle stages, whereas, the positive transformation was in the later stages. There was a stronger intensity in the total transformation of cultivated land use in Jianghan Plain and some areas of the Wuhan metropolitan area, compared with the western. The findings can also provide the following suggestions. Different functional zones demonstrated significant heterogeneity, in terms of socio-economic conditions, and resource endowments of cultivated land. Therefore, differentiated decision-making should be adopted to guide the transformation of arable land utilization in the needs of sustainable social and economic development in Hubei Province, China.

       

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