Abstract:
Tomato is the vegetable crop with the largest facility cultivation in China. In actual production, it often encounters problems such as succession barriers, soil-borne diseases and environmental stresses, leading to a decrease in its quality and yield. Grafting is currently one of the most effective methods to control major diseases and improve plant resistance. Two-stage grafting of tomato can reduce the cost of seedling enterprise and cultivate high-quality grafted seedlings to improve seedling resistance. Achieving precise control of light environment during healing and cutting stages is of great significance to optimize grafting technology. However, there is little research on the regulation of light environment during the two-stage grafting of tomato process, and the specific light environment parameters are not clear. In the two-stage grafting of tomato, to make the double-cut grafted seedlings heal quickly under high density environment and take root quickly after cutting, so as to cultivate strong seedlings, the grafted seedlings were placed in a self-made container made of acrylic and high-density foam board, and the light intensity at the ratio of red, blue and green light was used during the healing period. The tomato variety 'Fendu 153' was used as scion and 'Jinzuan' was used as rootstock to investigate the healing status and root regeneration of grafted seedlings under different light intensity gradients of 30-60-90 (CK), 40-80-120 (T1), 50-100-150 (T2), 60-120-180 (T3), 70-140-210 (T4) μmol/(m
2·s) during the healing period (1~2 d, 3~4 d, 5 d), and cut the grafted seedlings under different light intensities after high density healing for 1 d, 3 d and 5 d, respectively, to judge the growth of plants. So growth indexes such as plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, shoot ratio, and length, surface area,diameter, volume of root were measured. The results showed that the survival rate of grafted seedlings treated with T1 and T2 was higher, and the difference was not significant compared with CK. The grafted seedlings under T1 treatment had the fastest healing, higher antioxidant enzyme activities and photosynthetic pigment content, and lower superoxide anion content at the incision. The survival rate of cuttings after 3 d of treatment with different light intensities was higher, among which T1 and T2 treatments were the highest, there was no significant difference between the treatments at 1 d of treatment with different light intensities, but the survival rate of cuttings decreased after 5 d. After comprehensive evaluation to the growth of cutting grated seedlings, the root and above ground growth of grafted seedlings were the best after T1 treatment for 1 d, 3 d and 5 d, followed by T2, T3 also showed a good effect at 5 d. Overall consideration, during the high density healing stage of tomato two-stage grafting, the light intensity management mode of 40-80-120 μmol/(m
2·s) at 1~2 d, 3~4 d and 5 d, respectively, is the most favorable to healing, and it is best to cut within 3 d to ensure the survival rate and the quality of grafted seedlings.The study can provide technical support for the establishment of tomato two-stage grafting seedling system.