Abstract: Accurately identifying the supply and demand relationship and spatial correlation types between residents’ demand and territorial space multi-function supply can provide a reference for achieving a balance between supply and demand in the regional ‘man-land’ system. Firstly, employing land use data, population distribution data, statistical data, POI data, etc., we constructed a territorial space functions evaluation index system based on the theory of land use multi-function, focusing on urban, agricultural, and ecological aspects. Additionally, we developed a residents’ demand evaluation index system based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, considering four dimensions: survival, safety, social, and respect/self-realization. This comprehensive approach aims to evaluate the territorial space functions supply capacity and residents’ demand levels of the Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone in 2014 and 2022. Subsequently, using supply-demand matching quadrants and supply-demand elasticity coefficient models, we analyzed the balance relationship between territorial space functions supply and residents' comprehensive demand from static matching and dynamic coupling perspectives, respectively. Finally, employing hot and cold spot analysis, the sources and sinks for territorial space functions supply and residents’ demand were identified, and the gravity model was used to characterize the spatial correlation features between these sources and sinks. The results showed that the comprehensive territorial space functions supply capacity was spatially characterized by a pattern of ‘high around the edges-low in the center’, and temporally shows a predominant decreasing trend, with a grid proportion reaching 93.66%. There were significant differences in the spatial distribution and change trends of various individual territorial space function supply capacities. Spatially, the high values of urban function was primarily distributed in a point and linear pattern; agricultural function exhibited spatial heterogeneity with higher values in the south and lower values in the north; ecological function decreased from both the northern and southern sides toward the center. Temporally, aside from an increase in urban function, both agricultural and ecological functions mainly showed a downward trend. Residents’ demand level showed a distinct single-core aggregation feature spatially and was characterized by the spatial difference of decreasing from the center to the outside, which was mainly improved in time, and the proportion of grids with improved performance was 88.21%. The static matching relationship between comprehensive territorial space functions supply and residents’ demand showed an improvement in the central region but deterioration in the eastern region, with dynamic coupling relationship dominated by trade-offs. In terms of individual territorial space function supply and residents’ demand, the static matching relationship between urban function supply and residents’ demand mainly showed improvement and was characterized by a dynamic coupling feature dominated by synergies. Conversely, the static matching relationship for agricultural and ecological function primarily showed deterioration, with their dynamic coupling relationships mainly exhibiting trade-off characteristics. The spatial correlation intensity between the sources and sinks of comprehensive territorial space functions supply and residents’ demand had slightly decreased. There are differences in the spatial correlation network changes for each individual function supply and demand. Specifically, higher-level spatial correlation networks in urban function supply and residents’ demand were shifting from north to south. Whereas, higher-level spatial correlation networks in agricultural function supply and residents’ demand were shifting from south to north. Additionally, the spatial correlation intensity of ecological function supply and residents’ demand has notably decreased. In summary, the supply and demand balance between various territorial space functions supply and residents’ demand exhibits spatial differences. The study area should adopt a location-specific approach focused on residents’ demands to strengthen the alignment of territorial space supply with residents’ demand, thereby deepening the strong correlation between spatial supply and demand in various regions under sustainable development.