数字乡村建设对农业碳排放的空间溢出效应

    Spatial spillover effects of digital rural construction on carbon emissions from agriculture

    • 摘要: 数字乡村建设是促进农业绿色低碳转型的重要推力,更是助力实现“双碳”目标的重要途径。该研究在探究数字乡村建设对农业碳排放影响机理的基础上,利用“纵横向”拉开档次法测度中国各省份数字乡村建设水平,进一步基于空间杜宾模型实证检验数字乡村建设对农业碳排放的空间溢出效应。结果表明:1)2012—2022年中国数字乡村建设与农业碳排放的全局莫兰指数均显著为正,且空间集聚效应呈现逐渐增强态势。2)数字乡村建设通过显著负向直接效应和空间溢出效应抑制农业碳排放,且空间溢出效应大于直接效应。3)城镇化水平对本地区及相邻地区农业碳排放均具有显著促进作用;农村劳动力转移能够抑制本地区及相邻地区农业碳排放;农业种植结构对本地区农业碳排放具有显著促进作用,对相邻地区农业碳排放则具有显著抑制作用;农业发展水平能够显著促进本地区农业碳排放,对相邻地区农业碳排放则无显著影响。4)数字乡村建设的降碳效应在东部地区和非粮食主产区较为显著,但在中、西部地区和粮食主产区则不明显。研究结果可为因地制宜推进数字乡村建设,促进农业绿色低碳转型发展提供参考与借鉴。

       

      Abstract: Digital rural construction is one of the most significant driving forces to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of agriculture. It is also an important way to realize the goal of “double carbon”. This study aims to explore the impact mechanism of digital rural construction on agricultural carbon emissions. An evaluation index system of digital rural construction was established with 15 secondary indicators, from four dimensions of rural digital foundation, production, economy, and life. The “vertical and horizontal” scatter degree method was used to measure the level of digital rural construction in different provinces of China from 2012 to 2022. A series of tests were further carried out to determine the spatial spillover effect of digital rural construction on agricultural carbon emissions using the spatial Durbin model. The results show that: 1) There was a significantly positive correlation between the global Moran’s index of digital rural construction and agricultural carbon emissions. The spatial agglomeration was gradually increasing during the survey period. 2) Digital rural construction was realized to inhibit agricultural carbon emissions, according to the spatial spillover and significant negative direct effect. Specifically, the spatial spillover effect was greater than the direct effect, indicating the more outstanding inhibitory on agricultural carbon emissions in adjacent areas. The reason is that the digital rural construction exported advanced agricultural production technology and experience to the adjacent areas through demonstration effect and spillover effect, thus highlighting the inhibitory effect on agricultural carbon emissions in neighboring regions. 3) The level of urbanization significantly promoted the agricultural carbon emissions in the region and surroundings; The transfer of the rural labor force significantly inhibited the agricultural carbon emissions in the region and surroundings; The agricultural planting structure significantly promoted the agricultural carbon emissions in the region, while it significantly inhibited the agricultural carbon emissions in neighboring regions; The level of agricultural development significantly promoted the agricultural carbon emissions in the region, but it had no significant impact in the adjacent areas. 4) The heterogeneity test showed that there was a significantly negative correlation between the direct and indirect effects of digital rural construction on agricultural carbon emissions in the eastern region and its neighboring regions. There were no significant direct and indirect effects of digital rural construction on agricultural carbon emissions in the central and western regions. It also indicated that the digital rural construction in the eastern region shared a significant inhibitory effect on agricultural carbon emissions in the region and surroundings. However, there was no outstanding carbon reduction of digital rural construction in the central and western regions. In addition, there were no significant direct, indirect, and total effects of digital rural construction on agricultural carbon emissions in major grain-producing areas. There was a significantly negative correlation between the indirect and total effects of digital rural construction on agricultural carbon emissions in non-major grain-producing areas. There was a significant spatial spillover effect on the inhibition of agricultural carbon emissions in non-major grain-producing areas. Therefore, the digital rural construction should be accelerated to narrow the digital divide in interregional synergistic development. At the same time, the large-scale operation of agriculture should be integrated and applied to the data elements in the whole process of agricultural production. Finally, the green and low-carbon transformation of agriculture can also be promoted to fully realize the inhibiting effect of various influencing factors on agricultural carbon emissions.

       

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