Abstract: Land use conflict is a significant research topic in the field of land science, characterized by its multidimensional perspective. As the focus of land science research has shifted from land use/cover change to human-environment interactions, studies on land use functions and related themes have gradually emerged at the forefront of current land system science. However, there is limited research focused on land use functional conflict, and there is a notable gap in the systematic theoretical development of the opposing interests that arise among stakeholders regarding land use functions. To address this gap, the study first reviewed the various definitions of land use conflicts that have yet to reach a consensus. By identifying the commonalities across these definitions, land use conflict was defined as the opposition of interests among stakeholders arising from land in the process of land resource utilization. Secondly, the study clarified the concept of land use functions, framing it as the various products or services provided by the land system. Based on the definitions of land use conflicts and land use functions, the study introduced the concept of land use functional conflict, defining it as the opposition of interests among stakeholders arising from land use functions in the process of land resource utilization, and analyzed the rationale and necessity of adopting the land use function perspective. Following the definition of land use functional conflict, the study analyzed its theoretical foundations, including social conflict theory, stakeholder theory, sustainable development theory, and human-environment relationship theory. Inspired by the study of ecosystem service cascades and drawing on the characteristics of land use functions, this study proposed a conceptual framework for land use functional conflict, with the core chain process of "production function-utility function-conflict function." Finally, the study proposed a research framework for land use functional conflict, structured around the "conflict identification-mechanism analysis-conflict governance" continuum. In this framework, conflict identification followed the logical process of "identifying land use functions—identifying stakeholders—measuring land use function benefits-measuring land use functional conflict." The mechanism analysis was designed to construct a multi-scale analysis framework for the conflict formation process, which included the conflict subject, the conflict object, and the institutional environment. Regarding conflict governance, a framework that combined stable institutional structures with flexible policies and policy tools was developed. In conclusion, this study not only enriched and enhanced the theoretical system of land use conflict but also provided scientific evidence for researching land use functional conflicts and offered guidelines and decision-making references for optimizing land resource allocation.