王 风, 朱 岩, 陈 思, 张克强, 白鸿玲, 姚 虎. 冻融循环对典型地带土壤速效氮磷及酶活性的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(24): 118-123. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.24.016
    引用本文: 王 风, 朱 岩, 陈 思, 张克强, 白鸿玲, 姚 虎. 冻融循环对典型地带土壤速效氮磷及酶活性的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(24): 118-123. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.24.016
    Wang Feng, Zhu Yan, Chen Si, Zhang Keqiang, Bai Hongling, Yao Hu. Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on available nitrogen and phosphorus, enzymatic activities of typical cultivated soil[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2013, 29(24): 118-123. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.24.016
    Citation: Wang Feng, Zhu Yan, Chen Si, Zhang Keqiang, Bai Hongling, Yao Hu. Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on available nitrogen and phosphorus, enzymatic activities of typical cultivated soil[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2013, 29(24): 118-123. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.24.016

    冻融循环对典型地带土壤速效氮磷及酶活性的影响

    Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on available nitrogen and phosphorus, enzymatic activities of typical cultivated soil

    • 摘要: 为了探寻冻融循环次数和冻结温度对典型地带性土壤(黑土、潮土、黄土)养分形态和酶活性的作用机制,应用室内冰柜模拟不同冻结温度(-20℃强冻和-10℃弱冻),以及不同的冻融循环次数(1次和2次)。结果表明,经过冻融循环3种土壤NO3--N含量增加,增加量趋势为黄土>潮土>黑土,与冻结前相比黄土和潮土NO3--N含量分别达到5%显著水平;冻融循环3种土壤NH4+-N含量减少,减少量趋势为黑土>黄土、潮土;黑土速效磷含量显著增加(P<0.05);冻融循环增强了过氧化氢酶活性,却降低了脲酶活性;冻结温度对耕作土壤速效养分和酶活性影响不显著。建议耕作潮土和黄土应考虑冻融循环后养分总量,从而适当调整氮肥投入。

       

      Abstract: Abstract: The phenomenon of freezing-thawing is very prevalent in China, especially in northwest, northeast China and North China Plain. Soil chemical properties may be affected in freeze - thaw process, and then crop growing in next year. To explore transformation of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and enzyme activity affected by freeze - thaw cycles, 3 typical cultivated soils (black soil, loess and fluvo-aquic soil from northeast, northwest and North China Plain) were collected and frozen for 72 hour at two temperature (-20℃ and -10℃), and thawed at 24℃ for 24 hour as one freeze-thaw cycles. These three kinds of soils were all subjected to two freeze-thaw cycles. And soil NO3--N, NH4+-N, available phosphorous and two enzyme activities were determined before soil frozen at each cycle. The results showed that NO3--N contents in 3 kinds of soil increased sharply after the second freeze-thaw cycle, and NO3--N increments were ranked as Loess > fluvo-aquic soil > black soil. NO3--N contents increased significantly in Loess and fluvo-aquic soil compared with control. Soil NH4+-N contents decreased in all 3 soil samples with freeze-thaw cycle increasing, and NH4+-N decrement followed as black soil > loess and fluvo-aquic soil. Whereas NH4+-N content in black soil dropped significantly by four times compared to control after second freeze-thaw cycle. The content of available phosphorus significantly increased (P>0.05) in black soil after two freeze-thaw cycle in both two frozen temperatures, But freeze-thaw cycle had no significant affected to loess and fluvo-aquic soil compared to control respectively. The soil catalase activity increased significantly with freeze-thaw cycle increasing in all three soil samples at -10℃. While, a little decrease appeared after second freeze-thaw cycle at -20℃. In contrary, the urease activity generally decreased in all three soils after the first freeze-thaw cycle. But great decrement of urease activity occured after the second freeze-thaw cycle. In conclusion, compared with freeze-thaw, freezing temperature had a slight influence on availability nutrients and enzyme activity in cultivated soils. NO3--N increments in loess and fluvo-aquic soil after freezing should be considered to crop fertilization management, which is also necessary to be combined with the precipitation value, crops species and other soil environmental factors with different actual conditions.

       

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