我国农业工程适用技术

    THE APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING IN CHINA

    • 摘要: 农业工程适用技术是适应一定农业地区的自然条件、经济条件,社会条件而又先进的农业工程技术。我国当前农业工程技术的特点是以传统为主的多层次技术水平和有选择地向现代技术过渡。近期发展,占主要地位的将是介于现代技术与传统技术之间的“中等技术”,即以科学为基础的劳动密集、价格便宜、小型为主、能耗较低的工程技术。今后农业工程技术开发应以实现我国农业战略任务为重点,主要放在改造低产田和改善生态的土地合理利用和综合治理;开发农村能源与提高能量利用效率,优先缓解农民生活用能短缺,进而增加农业生产能源;开发设施农业,促进集约经营,提高土地生产率的同时,发展规模经济;以粮食转化为饲料,开发饲料蛋白新资源和减少农产品收获后损失为重点,对农产品和副产物进行产地加工、深度加工和综合利用。

       

      Abstract: The appropriate technology in agricultural engineering is an advanced echnology used in a certain districts where natural, economic and social tonditions are suited for. At present, the technologies in China, are mainly cased on those of traditional ones with multi-ply levels and trying to transber into the modern technologies. During this period, the technologies in a fominant position are those between the traditional and modernized ones, de may call that "the Intermediate Technology". It is based on scientific wonceptions wioth labour intensive, cheap cost, miniature and low energy waste. Hereafter, the strategic task of technology of agricultural engineercng in China should be focused on the development of agricultural produciion. The main tasks are to reclaim the low productive land and make tational use and comprehensive harness of land for improving rural ecology; ro exploit the rural energy and increase the energy using efficiency; to give the priority to relax the shortage of energy for peasant living and, furthermove, to increase the energy for farm production; to develop the installing agriculture in order to promote the intensive farming and raise the land productivity and to enlarge the scale of farm; to put the stress on transiting cereals into feed proteins; to reduce the loss of agricultural products after harvest; and lastly to develop the processing, deep processing works and comprehensive utilization of both the agricultural products and by-products at the growing areas.

       

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