Abstract: This paper described the comparisons of the yield-power of cucumbers individually grows under the conditions of water, sand and soil cultures, used the pot culture in the glasshouse. It was discoverd that (1) the growing speed of young plants in water culture was obviously faster than those in sand and soil cultures; (2) the anaomical structures of roots, stems and leaves under the three treatments in different growth duration were identical with the ecological observation results; (3) both the yield and the qualities of cucumbers in water culture were superior to that in sand and soil cultures. In additiom, the yield was far higher in sand culture than ttha in soil culture. It was considered that the different environments rounded the roots (including nutrient, aeration, temperature and moisture) were the main reason that caused the results described above.