Abstract: It is quite difficult to make an appropriate appraisal on the ecological effect of regional development of agricultural resources, which is a new research field in agricultural modernization.On the basis of the results from agrc-ecological research in oversea and at home, we have analysed a lot of data related to agro-ecology in whole China from 1949 to 1990.This paper suggests a new idea about agro-ecological effect of agricultural resources development, meanwhile it also puts forward the classifying standards, methods for appraisal and the index systems including ecological structure, ecological function and environmental quality . We have carried out the practical application and the results have shown that this research is a success in theory and methodology.