Abstract: This paper deals with the connotation of agricultural water soil engineering, as well as its history of formation in China. A brief explanation and prediction of development on this course were made. The object of this course is to research the regular patterns of water soil movement in agricultural environment and the control and management technology. With the development of science and technology the system of the course has been improving, the break thought will be obtained, both in range and depth, on the problems of transmission of water in soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. The research will be greatly progressed in the aspects of the optimized control theory, the measures of relation ship among water-soil-crop-enviroment, the transmission regular pattern of field matters (water, soil, salt, chemical matters) , the mathematic model, and the application of high-new technology in agricultural water-soil management.