Abstract: The conditions of hydrology and water resources for comprehensive development of agriculture in 5 typical regions in the Huang Huai Hai Plain were introduced, including the northern low yield region of the Haihe River Plain, the southern middle low yield region of the Huang Huai Plain, the central high yield region along the Huanghe River, the western wind sand region and the eastern seabeach region along the coast. The main obstruct elements effecting the agriculture development were analyzed, and the development measures of water resources for promoting sustainable agriculture were analyzed.