Abstract: Neonatal mortality is a significant problem in swine production.The neonatal piglet's minimal critical temperature is around 34 ℃,chilling undoubtedly predisposes piglets to crushing,starvation,weakness,and diarrhea,chilling is directly and indirectly responsible for early piglet death.Effective mechanisms of cold on piglet's body temperature,absorption of colostrum and incidence of diarrhea are reviewed and some protective measurements are proposed.