Abstract: Crop straw is one of the organic fertilizer resources.Traditional methods need very long time to make it decayed naturally.　In this study, the dry straw was treated with steam and pressure above 0.5　MPa for 20 minutes, then it was mixed with chemical fertilizers and the mixture was put in field of wheat.　The strawchemical fertilizer contained dry straw material beyond 40%,available N 7.86　%,P₂O₅ 4.97% and K₂O 14.77%. The field experiment showed the straw material had the function of increasing fertilizer efficiency and crop production.　The economic effect analysis for the test was made in this paper too. It indicates under the condition of the same investment, application of strawchemical fertilizer will obtain higher economic benefits than chemical compound fertilizer and diammonium phosphate.