Abstract: On the basis of analysing the Agricultural Benefit systems(ABS) and its components and from different viewpoints, this paper made a complete system analysis of agricultural benefits of Jilin Province.By using existing statistics of the province, the existing problems were pointed out and the corresponding countermaeasures were put forward. After the agricultural input/output components of the ABS was made explicit, the paper selected the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method and its models,defined the input/output indices of the models and made the effectiveness evaluation of the ABS of China. The research results provide a basis and thinking method for the system analysis of agricultural benefit and its effectiveness evaluation.