农机经济完好率的理论模型及其应用
Theoretical Model of Economical Intact Rate of Agricultural Machinery
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摘要: 农业机器完好率是指农业机器的完好程度，它的高低直接影响农业机械化程度和农机作业效益。该文利用价值工程原理研究农业机器完好率的经济性。引入效费比来反映农机作业效益，并提出了６种表示形式，而经济完好率是指效费比最大时的完好率。依据江苏黄海农场１９９１年到１９９７年农机管理的统计数据，采用高次多项式曲线拟合法对效费比与完好率进行拟合，求出了６种效费比形式下的经济完好率的最佳范围。大中型拖拉机完好率、总完好率的最佳值分别是９６．４％～９６．７％、９６．７％～９７．０％。该农场根据经济完好率来配备农机和编制作业计划，取得了最大的农机作业效益。Abstract: The intact rate of agricultural machinery means the degree of agricultural machinery in good condition. Its value influences directly on the degree of agricultural mechanization and the operational benefit of agricultural machinery. The economic nature of intact rate was researched with the principle of value engineering in this paper. The six forms of the ratio of effect to cost were proposed to display the operational benefit of agricultural machinery. As the ratio of effect to cost reached the maximal value the intact rate is called as economical intact rate. Based on the statistical data of Huanghai State Farm in Jiangsu Province of China from 1991 to 1997, the fitting between the ratio of effect to cost and the intact rate was completed with the method of Cubic polynomial curve fit. The optimal extent of economical intact rate under six forms was obtained. For this farm the optimal values of intact rate for the largemedium tractors and all agricultural machinery were 96.4 %～96.7 %,96.7 %～97.0 % respectively. By selecting agricultural machinery and arranging operational scheme according to economic intact rate, the maximal benefit of this farm can be realized.
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Keywords:
- agricultural machinery /
- intact rate /
- models /
- value engineering /
- ratio of effect to cost
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