黄土风沙丘陵区水稻节水增产配套技术研究

    Experiment and Extension of Water-Saving Irrigation and Techniques in Paddy Field in the Wind-Sand Areas Around the Great Wall of Loess Plateau

    • 摘要: 从1983年开始,在黄土高原长城沿线风沙区东部的榆林地区进行水稻节水灌溉及配套技术试验,先后围绕水稻生产中的灌溉、良种、育秧、密度、施肥等主要技术问题开展了一系列研究和优选组配,形成适合于当地生产的节水技术,从1993年起大面积推广应用,较常规技术可节水10440~14745m/hm2,增产11.1%~24.2%。1996年推广这一配套技术5800hm2,平均单产8356.5kg/hm2,较常规生产增产11.1%。

       

      Abstract: The potential to develop agricultural production is very large in the wind sand areas around the Great Wall of Loess Plateau. Because of the limitations such as drought and barren land, etc., the sustainable development of agriculture in these regions is restricted and the ecological environment is failed. In order to further develop agricultural production in this area, a set of practical water saving systems should be established and gradually improved in practice to meet the development of intensive and modern agriculture. From 1983, the experiments of water saving irrigation and associated techniques in paddy field have been carried out in this area. The results were obtained. Deep water irrigation method during the whole growth stage of paddy was reformed by the improved method, it could save water of 10440~14745 m3/hm2, and increase output by 11.1 %~24.2 %. The maintained proper water levels in the panicle differentiation stage, heading and flowering stage, earlier filling stage were considered and the replacable way of the shallow water, slight water and no water alternately was taken in the other stage. 3 improved japonica varieties including Tiegeng 4 and Qidao 1 and Liaoyou 73 were introduced. The sowing date was in the former of middle ten days of April and the sowing amount was kept within 150~200g/m2, the basic seeding was about 1500~2250 thousand per hectare and the efficient panicle maintained 5250~6750 thousand per hectare. Application amounts of pure N and P per hectare were 264 kg respectively. The mass ratio of N to P was 1∶(0.4~0.5), meanwhile some special Zn fertilizer was utilized as supplement. This project was extended 5.8×103hm2 in 1996 and the average yield reached 8356.5 kg/hm2, the total yield increased 11.1 %.

       

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