Abstract: The paper analyzed that the important role of biomass energy in China energy system and the demand situation for high quality energy in rural China, and pointed out the important meaning for the biomass energy development in the sustainable rural development. Based on the analysis for the differences between China and other countries on the biomass energy utilization, the paper presented the objectives and the development direction of the key technologies between 2001 and 2005 and the prospect in 2015 for the biomass energy technologies.