Abstract: The working performance and characteristics of the no tillage planter unit were analyzed. The soil load characteristics of the furrow opener of no tillage planter were measured in the soil bin. The regression equations of the penetrating force and travelling resistance were formulated. The results showed that the penetrating force and travelling resistance were 441～784 N and 686～980 N respectively at soil hardness from 16×10⁵ Pa to 26×10⁵ Pa, and the penetrating force and travelling resistance on the opener increased with the planter travel speed and attached weight. The mathematical model of planting depth stability of the unit with parallelogram linkage was established. The results introduced can be used for designing no tillage planter.