Abstract: It has been shown that unsuitable farmland consolidation engineering has a negative influence on soil characteristics, biological diversity and stability of ecological system. It does not only cause the decline of available phosphorus, available potassium and active organic matter in soil, the decrease in soil microbes, and environmental degradation of biological habitat, but also causes the decline of buffer capacity, compensation ability and resistance disaster ability of agricultural ecological system. Therefore the methods of eco-environmental care design in farmland consolidation structure, road, irrigation canals and ditches were put forward.