旱地棉田渗灌补水效应研究

Effects of Permeable Irrigation on Cotton in Semiarid Region

摘要: 该文着重研究了渗灌不同补水量和渗水管道埋深对旱地土壤含水率和棉花生长发育的影响。试验结果表明，在棉花关键需水期进行渗灌补水，增产增收效果显著。丰水年每次渗水225～300 m³/hm²，皮棉产量可提高196.8～310.7 kg/hm²，增产率为17.3%～27.3%；干旱年份，每次渗水225～300 m³/hm²，比对照增产24.35%～42.55%。与大水漫灌相比，渗灌补水既避免了表层蒸发，又没有形成重力水下渗，大幅度提高了水分利用率。渗水管道埋深在13～20 cm较为合适。

Abstract: The experiments were conducted from 1996 to 1997 to study the effects of different permeable irrigation quotas and water pipe depth on soil moisture content, and the growth and yield in semiarid region in Southern Shanxi Province. The results show that lint yield of cotton increased by 17.3%～27.3% with 225～300 m³/hm² of permeable irrigation quota in high annual precipitation and increased by 24.35%～42.55% in low annual precipitation. The depth of water pipe under soil surface were 13 cm to 20 cm, which lint yield of cotton increased by 8.67%～10.92% compared with soil surface permeable irrigation.