利用雨水对半干旱地区覆膜春小麦有限灌溉的研究

    Irrigation with Rainfall Harvesting for Spring Wheat with Plastic-Film Mulching in Semi-arid Areas

    • 摘要: 在宁夏南部山区对春小麦集雨补充灌溉研究表明,春小麦全生育期覆膜栽培能有效地抑制土壤蒸发,大幅度增加产量,提高水分利用率。在覆膜春小麦拨节期灌水30mm产量可增加371.1kg/hm2,水分利用率提高11.2%,拨节期是地膜春小麦集雨节灌最佳补水时期。地膜春小麦拨节期1次供水30、60、90和120mm,与不灌水相比,小麦籽粒产量均有大幅度增加,增幅分别为23.4%、68.7%、105.5%和98.3%。分析认为,覆膜春小麦1次补灌水量以60mm为宜

       

      Abstract: Compared with no irrigation, irrigating a mount of 30 mm has an great effect on the yield of spring wheat with plastic-film mulching. During the jointing stage, 30 mm irrigation increased yield by 371.1 kg/hm2 and water use efficiency by 11.2%. Taking precipitation distribution into consideration, the jointing stage is the best water-supplementing period of rain-collecting and water-saving irrigation of spring wheat with plastic-film mulching. About 30, 60, 90 and 120 mm irrigation water at one irrigation increased the grain yield by 23.4%, 68.7%, 105.5% and 98.3%, and water use efficiency was raised by 16.3%~67.2%. Irrigation efficiency is 16.1 kg/(mm·hm2), 21.6 kg/(mm·hm2), 22.1 kg/(mm·hm2) and 15.43 kg/(mm·hm2), respectively. So the optimal irrigation amount of spring wheat with plastic-film mulching is 60mm at one time.

       

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