Abstract: The paper analyzed the characteristics of forest insect pests, reviewed the pesticide applications and plant protection equipment. The main ideas of precision toward-target pesticide application and tree crown recognition were analyzed briefly. Theoretical relationship analyses between tree crowns and precision pesticide applications were conducted. It was presented that tree crown recognition could be applied in the forest precision pesticide application. The experimental results showed that tree crown recognition system could output different spray volumes based on different tree crowns, which laid a foundation for precision pesticide application and design of a new type of plant protection machine.