果蔬差压预冷设备及预冷技术研究

    Application and design of forced-air precooling equipment and techology for fruits and vegetables

    • 摘要: 果蔬采后预冷是果蔬贮藏、流通中重要的前处理技术,是果蔬采后保鲜流通冷链的重要环节。差压预冷技术因其成本低、使用灵活,在发达国家广泛应用于果蔬采后处理。此技术很适宜我国果蔬小规模生产、多品种、低成本的生产现状和高品质大流通的发展。本研究借鉴国外发达国家在差压预冷方面的成功经验,通过对引进差压预冷库的研究、测试、消化、吸收,研究出可在冷库中使用的3种不同预冷量的差压预冷通风设备,并建成一次预冷量12 t的差压预冷库。应用此技术,一般蔬菜预冷时间在4~6 h,仅为同等条件下冷库预冷时间的1/4~1/10,预冷过

       

      Abstract: Precooling of fruits and vegetables, an essential step for fresh products after harvest, is an important handling technology for the transportation and storage of postharvest fruits and vegetables. The technology is widely used in developed countries for precooling fruits and vegetables because of its low cost and easy operation. Such technology is also demanded for low input farm production of small scale and excessive crop varieties, and for expanding market with high quality requirement in China. Three kinds of precooling facilities with different cooling volumes were designed and manufactured, and a forced-air precooling cold room of 12 tons of cooling volume was constructed after the studies on the imported technology and forced-air precooling equipment. Generally the precooling time was about 4~6 h, only about 1/4~1/10 of cold room cooling time, and water loss was below 2%. The application in vegetable farmland showed that it could effectively keep the produce quality in storage and market, and also extend transportation distance.

       

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