Abstract: Construction of agricultural germplasm genebank is a kind of specialized engineering in agriculture. Agricultural resources conserved in the genebanks are not only material bases of breeding, but also valuable strategic resources of China. Up to now, no standards have been made for the germplasm genebank design and construction in China. As a result, a variety of problems are encountered in established genebanks. In a number of instances, newly built genebanks have to be remolded and debugged for several times before put into use. In this article, the characteristics, design principles and requirements, technical indexes and experiences for the construction of the agricultural germplasm genebanks, especially for low-temperature genebanks, were discussed.