Abstract: The sustainable use of cultivated land resource is the development foundation of agriculture and national economy. In China, the universal existing problems of the cultivated land resource are: per capita and high grade cultivated land are less, the cultivated land reserves are deficient, cultivated land deteriorates and wastes seriously, the conservancy measures have little effectiveness; the soil and water loss is widespread on cultivated land, artificial factors are the basic reason which aggravate it; soil and water loss leads to the quantity of cultivated land decrease, make quality of cultivated land descend and seriously restrict the food production. So reinforcing soil and water conservation is the effective measurement that carries through the sustainable use of cultivated land resources, which not only can prevent the quantity of cultivated land from decreasing, prevent the quality of cultivated land from descending, but also can improve the environmental conditions efficiently.