Abstract: This paper tries to put forward a new method to study the acting process between sugarcane and spiral sugarcane-lifting mechanism of sugarcane harvester. Based on vegetal state and the inherent mechanics performance of sugarcane in field, a physical model of sugarcane was developed in this paper applying Finite Element Method. Based on this model, the theory of interacting process between spiral sugarcane-lifting mechanism of sugarcane harvester and sugarcane was established in this paper. This paper established the theoretical equations of all key parameters. Applying the theory, a Virtual Prototype(VP) system of interacting between sugarcane-lifting mechanism and sugarcane was developed. Most key parameters of structure and dynamics of sugarcane-lifting mechanism are included in this VP system. Virtual tests were carried out. The influence of key parameters on sugarcane-lifting were studied. Some new phenomena were found in simulation and test. These new phenomena can be interpreted well applying the theory deduced by this paper. Based on he theoretical research and simulation, a new sugarcane-lifting mechanism was designed. After the theoretical research and simulation, high speed photography test was carried out in sugarcane harvesting. The test result is satisfactory.