零排放循环流水水产养殖机械—细菌—草综合水处理系统研究

    Integrated system combined with machinery, bacteria and grass to treat wastewater from a zero-discharge recirculation aquaculture system

    • 摘要: 零排放技术是循环流水水产养殖实现可持续发展的关键之一,该文以机械—细菌—草综合水处理系统为基础进行零排放循环流水水产养殖,生产系统的两个养殖池(各1.325 m3水)共养殖淡水白鲳(Colossoma brachypomum)62尾(平均体重208.3±28.6 g,养殖密度4.87 kg/m3)。经过25 d的运行,养殖池NO-3-N、TAN(总氨氮)、TN(总氮)、TP(总磷)、COD(化学需氧量)、pH等水质指标基本维持稳定(p<0.05),NO-2-N和SS(悬浮物)显著下降。在处理系统中,机械过滤器和生物滤器的大多数水质指标显著优于沉淀器沉淀区水质(p<0.05)。沉淀器沉淀区的高浓度污液定期(每天34.3 L)输送到植物滤器,间隔循环灌溉2.55 m2 NFT培高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.),并定期(每4 d一次)回流重复利用。牧草的净化使水质发生了显著的改善(p<0.01),NO-3-N、NO-2-N、SS的净化率超过90%,TN、TP的净化率超过85%,TAN和COD的净化率为45.2%和71.6%,此外,回流水的EC和pH显著高于污液,每次回流67.5±6.0L。淡水白鲳日增重4.55 g,饲料系数1.610。

       

      Abstract: Zero-discharge technology is one of keys to recirculating aquaculture to realize sustainable production. An integrated wastewater treatment system combined with machinery, bacteria and grass was used to set up a zero-discharge prototype recirculating aquaculture system where 62 tails Colossoma brachypomum (208.3±28.6 g) were cultured at a density of 4.87 kg/m3. During a period of 25 days, most water quality parameters of the two fish tanks including nitrate-nitrogen (NO-3-N), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and pH value kept stable (p<0.05), while nitrite-nitrogen (NO-2-N) and suspended solids (SS) significantly decreased (p<0.05). In the water treatment system, water qualities of the mechanic filter and the bio-filter were significantly (p<0.01) better than those of the bottom area of the settler. High concentration effluents from the bottom of the settler, 34.3 liters everyday, were transferred to the plant filter to breed 2.55 m2 NFT-cultured grass (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and were periodically sent back for reuse. 67.5 liters water, significantly (p<0.05) improved by the grass, was returned to the mechanic filter at intervals of four days, and more than 90 percent of NO-3-N, NO-2-N and SS, more than 85 percent of TN and TP, 67.9 percent of TAN, and 71.6 percent of COD were removed, while electric conductivity (EC) and pH value increased significantly (p<0.05). Fishes grew at 4.55 g per day with a feed conversation ratio of 1.610.

       

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