Abstract: Taking Shuanghuang experimental area as the study site, some landscape diversity indexes were attained using GIS technology. Utilizing the indexes such as patch size and numbers, average fractal dimension, diversity index, dominance, evenness and fragmentation. the changes of landscape diversity in the loess hilly-gully region during the past 10 years were studied. The results show that the patch fractal dimensions of farmland, wood land, orchard, village and meadow decrease slightly, unutilized land increases slightly, while the water area keeps invariability. The indexes of landscape diversity and evenness have the tendency of decrease while the dominance, rationality index of land use and fragmentation increase slightly. Homogeneous farmland and meadow matrix landscape ecosystem in 1995 had already changed into heterogeneous meadow and woodland matrix landscape ecosystem. The factor of policy and the drives of economic interests are the main reasons that drive the landscape pattern change.