不同水氮供应对日光温室番茄土壤酶活性及生物环境影响的研究

Influences of different water and nitrogen supplies on soil biological environment in solar greenhouse

摘要: 采用2水平灌水量(4541.0和2270.6 m³/hm²)×3水平氮肥追施量(747.4、373.9 kg/hm²和0)，以番茄品种Skala为试材，研究了不同水、氮供应水平对日光温室越冬栽培番茄土壤中脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶等活性及细菌、放线菌、真菌等微生物数量的影响。结果表明：高灌水(4541.0 m³/hm²)或高施氮量(747.4 kg/hm²)可显著降低土壤脲酶和磷酸酶活性；水、氮协调供应有利于土壤蔗糖酶活性和土壤微生物数量的提高；通过多目标评价，在该试验条件下，当灌水量4541.0 m³/hm²、氮肥追施量373.9 kg/hm²可获得最优的土壤生物环境。

Abstract: Influences of 2 water consumption(4541.0 and 2270.6 m³/hm²) and 3 nitrogen application(747.4, 373.9 and 0 kg/hm²) levels reciprocally supply treatments on soil biological environment were studied during solar greenhouse tomato production from Autumn to Spring. The activities of soil urease and phosphatase were inhibited with excessive water (4541.0 m³/hm²) and nitrogen (747.4 kg/hm²) supply, and invertase activity and soil microbial quantity were advanced with water and nitrogen coordinated supply. Comprehensively multi-objective evaluation showed water (2270.6 m³/hm²) and nitrogen (373.9 kg/hm²) were the optimum treatment for soil biological environment establishing under the experiment.