Abstract: The latest research advances of rice planting mechanization in Japan were introduced which include rice direct sowing machine of shotgun, long-mat rice seedling culture system and high precision autonomous operation by unmanned rice transplanting machine. Raising seedlings and loading seedlings are omitted by rice dibble seeding, but also energy and labor force are saved, which benefits mass production. Half-pressing seeding can be done by rice direct sowing machine of shotgun. Long-mat rice seedling is convenient to carry, wherever it is great or small field. With the development of information technology, the high precision autonomous operation by unmanned rice transplanting machine is worth researching.