Abstract: According to the statistical data of Beijing City and the known research data, the relationship between the goal of planting industry structure in Beijing and the marginal revenues of resources was analyzed by means of mathematical programming models in order to get the optimal solution based on both rational marginal revenues of resources and rational marginal costs of reaching goals. The results showed that in order to improve the efficiency of water use and the output value, the areas of growing food and feed crops should be controlled, sprinkling irrigation should be adopted for all the field crops in the irrigable areas, and establishment agriculture and relevant drip or filtration irrigation should be energetically developed.